瓶颈通道内单列行人流疏散特性研究  

Study on Evacuation Characteristics of Single-File Pedestrians in a Bottleneck Corridor

作　　者：曹淑超 李阳 孙菲阳 侯选一 任祥霞 CAO Shuchao;LI Yang;SUN Feiyang;HOU Xuanyi;REN Xiangxia(School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230027 [3]青岛市运输事业发展中心,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《武汉理工大学学报（信息与管理工程版）》2022年第3期339-344,共6页Journal of Wuhan University of Technology：Information & Management Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72001095);中国博士后科学基金项目(2020M681507);火灾科学国家重点实验室开放课题(HZ2021-KF03)。

摘　　要：瓶颈通道内单列行人运动是探究复杂场景中人员疏散的基础,而启动过程是行人疏散的关键。通过单列行人流实验,研究不同密度下启动波的传播速度、行人启动等待时间与启动等待距离,并分析不同密度下弛豫时间的变化、前向距离与运动速度的关系。最后采用幂律函数拟合得到启动波传播速度与初始密度的关系。结果表明:启动等待时间与等待距离随初始密度的增大而增加,性别会影响启动波传播速度,特别是在低密度状态下,女性需要较少的启动空间和启动时间,男性的最小前向距离比女性高47.7%;当初始密度为1 m时,队首行人弛豫时间平均值为1.11 s,其他行人的弛豫时间与该值近似,说明该密度下行人能自由运动,当密度为3 m时,平均弛豫时间最小。The investigation of single-file pedestrian flow in bottleneck corridors is the basis for studying pedestrian evacuation in complex scenarios, and the starting process is the key to pedestrian evacuation. In this paper, a single-file experiment for pedestrians was conducted to investigate the propagation speed of starting wave, waiting time and waiting distance under different densities. Meanwhile, the changes of relaxation time and the relationship between forward distance and motion speed under different densities are analyzed. Finally, a power law function is adopted to fit the relation between propagation speed and initial density. The result indicates that the start-up waiting time and waiting distance increase with the increase of initial density, and gender has an influence on the propagation speed. Especially at low density, women need less start space and start time, and the minimum forward distance of men is 47.7 % higher than that of women.. When the initial density is 1 m-1, the average relaxation time of the first individual in the queue is 1.11 s, and the relaxation time of other pedestrians is close to this value, which indicates that individuals can move freely at this density. The minimum relaxation time is found at the density 3 m-1 for the whole queue.

关 键 词：疏散实验 人员安全 启动波 传播速度 前向距离 

分 类 号：U491.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]