单面针药材真伪鉴别研究及等级评价体系的初步建立  

Authenticity identification and preliminary establishment of grade evaluation system for Zanthoxylum dissitum

作　　者：凌勇根 王月秀 冷其霖 刘洋 谭喜平 龚云 龚力民[2] 林丽美[2] 张鹏 LING Yonggen;WANG Yuexiu;LENG Qilin;LIU Yang;TAN Xiping;GONG Yun;GONG Limin;LIN Limei;ZHANG Peng(Zhuzhou Qianjin Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412007,China;Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha,Hunan 41208,China)

机构地区：[1]株洲千金药业股份有限公司,湖南株洲412007 [2]湖南中医药大学,湖南长沙410208

出　　处：《湖南中医药大学学报》2022年第7期1112-1120,共9页Journal of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家中药标准化项目(ZYBZH-C-HUN-21)。

摘　　要：目的研究单面针药材区分两面针药材及常见混伪品的鉴别方法;对单面针药材多种质控指标进行检测和聚类分析,初步建立单面针药材等级评价体系,规范单面针药材的质量规格。方法采用薄层色谱法和高效液相色谱法区分单面针的真伪品;并对30批不同等级的单面针药材展开性状、杂质、直径、水分、总灰分、二氧化硫残留量、重金属和有害元素残留量、醇溶性浸出物及木兰花碱含量等质控指标的检测,应用SPSS 19.0统计软件聚类分析各项指标与单面针药材之间的相关性。结果研究发现单面针与两面针及常见混伪品在薄层色谱R_(f)=0.9上下各有两条亮红色斑点及在高效液相色谱的1号峰可以作为区分点。30批样品分为3类,1批一等:醇溶性浸出物不少于6.8%,直径不小于2.8 cm,木兰花碱含量不少于0.19%;9批二等:醇溶性浸出物5.8%~7.0%,直径1.3~2.2 cm,木兰花碱含量0.05%~0.17%;20批三等:醇溶性浸出物3.9%~5.8%,直径大小不等,木兰花碱含量0.06%~0.16%。结论本研究确证了薄层色谱法和高效液相色谱法能够有效鉴别和区分单面针药材与两面针药材及常见混伪品,该方法专属性强、灵敏度高、简便实用;本研究初步建立了单面针3个等级规格药材评价体系,实践中容易掌握,为评价单面针药材质量提供了数据支持,对药材的采收与产地加工、销售流通及临床应用具有一定的指导和实践意义。Objective To study the method of distinguishing Zanthoxylum dissitum from Zanthoxylum nitidum and common fake products;to detect and cluster analyze multiple quality control indicators of Zanthoxylum dissitum,and to initially establish a Zanthoxylum dissitum grade evaluation system and standardize quality specifications of Zanthoxylum dissitum.Methods Thin-layer chromatography(TLC)and high performance liquid chromatography were used to distinguish the authenticity of Zanthoxylum dissitum;in addition,30 batches of different grades of Zanthoxylum dissitum were tested for quality control indicators such as properties,impurities,diameter,moisture,total ash,sulfur dioxide residues,heavy metals and harmful elements residues,alcohol-soluble extracts and magnolia alkali content.SPSS 19.0 statistical software was used to cluster analyze the correlation between various indicators and Zanthoxylum dissitum medicinal materials.Results The study found that Zanthoxylum dissitum,Zanthoxylum nitidum and common fake products had two bright red spots on the TLC R_(f)=0.9 and the peak 1 in the high performance liquid chromatography can be used as the distinguishing point;30 batches of samples were divided into 3 categories,1 batch was first class:alcohol-soluble extract was not less than 6.8%,diameter was not less than 2.8 cm,magnolia alkali content was not less than 0.19%;9 batches were second class:alcohol-soluble extract was 5.8%-7.0%,diameter was 1.3-2.2 cm,magnolia alkali content was 0.05%-0.17%;20 batches were third class:the alcohol-soluble extract was 3.9%-5.8%,the diameter was different,and the magnolia alkali content was 0.06%-0.16%.Conclusion This study confirmed that TLC and high performance liquid chromatography can effectively identify and distinguish Zanthoxylum dissitum from Zanthoxylum nitidum and common fake products.The method is highly specific,highly sensitive,simple and practical;this research is initially established the evaluation system of three grades of Zanthoxylum dissitum,which is easy to grasp in practi

关 键 词：单面针 薄层色谱法 高效液相色谱法 真伪鉴别 等级评价 

分 类 号：R282.5[医药卫生—中药学]