温差刺激式口腔护理在口腔癌术后轻中度吞咽障碍患者中的应用  

Application of temperature-difference stimulation oral care in patients with mild and moderate dysphagia after oral cancer operation

作　　者：杨颖 任延秀 蹇雪春 王韵杰 王静 Yang Ying;Ren Yanxiu;Jian Xuechun;Wang Yunjie;Wang Jing(Department of Oral Implantology,Three Gorges Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University,Chongqing 404000,China;Oral Center,Three Gorges Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University,Chongqing 404000,China;Department of Maxillofacial Surgery,Oral Center,Three Gorges Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University,Chongqing 404000,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学附属三峡医院口腔中心口腔种植科,重庆404000 [2]重庆大学附属三峡医院口腔中心,重庆404000 [3]重庆大学附属三峡医院口腔中心颌面外科,重庆404000

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2022年第18期1422-1427,共6页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨温差刺激式口腔护理在口腔癌术后轻中度吞咽障碍患者中的应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2019年1月至2021年6月重庆大学附属三峡医院收治的口腔癌术后轻中度吞咽障碍患者64例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各32例。对照组采用传统冰水刺激康复训练,观察组采用温差刺激式口腔护理。对2组吞咽障碍程度、营养状况、术后并发症及生命质量进行比较。结果干预后观察组吞咽障碍程度(洼田饮水试验)Ⅰ~Ⅳ级分别为2、11、13和6例,对照组为9、17、4和2例,2组比较差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.41,P<0.05)。干预后观察组血清白蛋白(38.74±4.87)g/L,显著高于对照组的(35.81±5.14)g/L,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.34,P<0.05)。观察组干预后中文版华盛顿大学生命质量量表评分中的咀嚼、吞咽、焦虑、情绪及生命质量自评分分别为(70.28±10.39)、(68.20±9.43)、(72.39±12.28)、(65.30±15.33)和(78.05±9.47)分,显著高于对照组的(64.29±9.26)、(61.42±12.38)、(64.50±10.43)、(58.08±11.62)和(72.92±10.40)分,差异有统计学意义(t值为2.06~2.77,均P<0.05)。结论温差刺激式口腔护理能有效改善口腔癌术后患者的吞咽障碍,减少误吸及营养不良的发生率,改善患者生命质量。Objective To explore the function of temperature difference stimulation oral nursing for the patients with mild to moderate dysphagia after oral cancer operation.Methods A total of 64 patients with mild to moderate dysphagia after oral cancer surgery admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to June 2021 were selected as the research subjects by convenient sampling method,and divided into control group(n=32)and observation group(n=32)according to random number table method.The grouping method was random number table method.The control group was treated with traditional ice-water stimulation rehabilitation training,and the observation group was treated with temperature difference stimulation oral care.The degree of dysphagia,nutritional status,postoperative complications and quality of life were analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results After the intervention,the degree of dysphagia in the observation group(water swallow test)fromⅠtoⅣdegree were 2,11,13 and 6 cases,while in the control group were 9,17,4 and 2 cases,the difference was significant(Z=-3.41,P<0.05).After the intervention,the serum albumin of the observation group was(38.74±4.87)g/L,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(35.81±5.14)g/L.there was significant difference between the two groups(t=2.34,P<0.05).After the intervention,the self scores of chewing,swallowing,anxiety,emotion and quality of life in the Chinese version of the University of Washington quality of life scale in the observation group were 70.28±10.39,68.20±9.43,72.39±12.28,65.30±15.33 and 78.05±9.47,which were significantly higher than those in the control group 64.29±9.26,61.42±12.38,64.50±10.43,58.08±11.62 and 72.92±10.40,The difference was statistically significant(t values were 2.06-2.77,all P<0.05).Conclusions Oral nursing with temperature difference stimulation can effectively improve the swallowing disorder of patients after oral cancer surgery,reduce the incidence of aspiration and malnutrition,and improve the quality of life o

关 键 词：口腔护理 口腔肿瘤 吞咽障碍 生活质量 营养状况 温差刺激 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]