光纤超声换能器技术及应用进展  

Technology and Application Progress of Fiber-Optic Ultrasound Transducer

作　　者：孙琪真[1,2,3] 杨留洋 徐栋宸 陈庚 王安琪 戴辰昊 李岩鹏 闫志君 Sun Qizhen;Yang Liuyang;Xu Dongchen;Chen Geng;Wang Anqi;Dai Chenhao;Li Yanpeng;Yan Zhijun(School of Optics and Electronic Information,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China;National Engineering Research Center of Next Generation Internet Access System,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China;HUST-Wuxi Research Institute,Wuxi 214174,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学光学与电子信息学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]下一代互联网接入系统国家工程研究中心,湖北武汉430074 [3]华中科技大学无锡研究院,江苏无锡214174

出　　处：《中国激光》2022年第12期281-303,共23页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金(61922033);国家光电研究中心创新基金(WNLO)。

摘　　要：光纤超声换能器是近年来迅速发展的一种新型超声检测技术,它具有光纤传感器小尺寸和易复用组网的特点。相比于传统超声换能器技术,光纤超声换能器表现出更高的灵敏度、更大的带宽和更好的抗电磁干扰性能,在高分辨率成像、工业无损检测和局部放电等领域具有巨大的应用潜力。光纤超声换能器主要涉及光纤超声发射和光纤超声探测技术,本文综述了这几类技术的机理和发展现状,并总结了光纤超声检测技术的应用场景和面临的技术挑战。Significance Ultrasound,an acoustic wave with a frequency exceeding 20kHz,is widely utilized in nondestructive testing,medical imaging,medical treatment,and other sectors owing to its considerable penetration depth,excellent resolution,good directivity,and minimal radiation.As the key component of ultrasound equipment,the ultrasound transducer is used for bidirectional conversion between ultrasound waves and electrical or visual signals.When the ultrasound transducer is used as a transmitter,the transducer converts the input excitation signal into the mechanical structure vibrations of the transducer element,which then releases ultrasound waves into the medium.Conversely,when the transducer is used as a sensor,the incident ultrasonic wave causes the structure deformation of the transducer element,causing the corresponding change in the electric,magnetic,or optical field inside the transducer.Currently,piezoelectric ultrasound transducers represent the state of the art but have many drawbacks,such as enormous size,narrow bandwidth,and electromagnetic sensitivity.An optical fiber transducer offers an alternative to challenge the present piezoelectric hegemony.A fiber-optic ultrasound transducer,a newly created transducer,is used to convert optical or ultrasound signals to one another.Compared with standard piezoelectric ultrasound transducers,fiber-optic ultrasound transducers have various advantages.For example,most fiber-optic ultrasound transducers are the same size as the normal single-mode fiber (125μm),making them suitable for minimally invasive detection.Furthermore,ultrasonic detection devices based on fiber-optic ultrasound transducers usually have remarkable resolutions owing to broad bandwidth properties.Easy multiplexing is another benefit of fiber-optic ultrasound transducers,which fits the need for rapid ultrasound imaging without mechanical scanning.To date,ultrasound transducers based on optical fiber have been widely used in photoacoustic/ultrasound imaging,nondestructive testing,structure safety

关 键 词：传感器 光纤换能器 光声效应 超声发射 超声检测 医学成像 无损检测 局部放电 

分 类 号：TN253[电子电信—物理电子学] TB55[理学—物理]