诱抗剂对向日葵抗性诱导的研究  

Study on induction of sunflower resistance by elicitor

作　　者：陶波[1] 赵旭 杜磊 云晓鹏 TAO Bo;ZHAO Xu;DU Lei;YUN Xiaopeng(College of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150000,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150000 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院植物保护研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2022年第3期53-59,共7页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：黑龙江省主要农作物病虫草害绿色植保综合防控项目(GA19B104);国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助项目(CARS-14-1-21)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究诱抗剂对向日葵列当的防治效果及对向日葵抗性诱导产生的生理生化影响,为解决向日葵田恶性寄生杂草难防除的问题开辟新途径。【方法】采用诱抗剂600倍液、800倍液组合成不同的二次施药方案进行防效试验,并测定向日葵叶片叶绿素、谷胱甘肽含量及谷胱甘肽S转移酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性。【结果】诱抗剂600倍液、800倍液对向日葵列当有明显的防治效果,且防效随药剂浓度增加而显著增加,施药后18 d防效为19.8%~92.4%;最佳施用时间为向日葵8~10叶期、12~14叶期两次施药。施用诱抗剂不仅对向日葵植株安全,而且600倍液处理与清水对照相比株高增加12.41%、鲜重增加22.56%;同时诱抗剂明显增加向日葵叶片叶绿素与谷胱甘肽含量,600倍液时分别增加9.62%和23.15%;诱抗剂600倍液时谷胱甘肽S转移酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性均显著增加,达到最高值时与清水对照相比分别增加5.09%、59.45%、23.72%。【结论】该诱抗剂对向日葵安全性高且能有效防除向日葵列当。【Objective】To investigate the control effect of elicitor on Orobanche cumana as well as its physiological and biochemical effects on the induction of sunflower resistance,in order to find a novel approach to the issue of challenging control of malignant parasitic weeds in sunflower fields.【Methods】To conduct the control effect test of elicitor,600 times and 800 times diluted elicitor were combined with various secondary application schemes using combined field experiment with indoor instrument analysis.The chlorophyll and glutathione contents of sunflower leaves,as well as the activities of glutathione S-transferase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were measured.【Results】The 600 and 800 times diluted elicitor had obvious control effect on Orobanche cumana,and the control effect increased significantly with the increase of concentration.18 d after application,the control effect was 19.8%to 92.4%.The best application time was at 8-10 leaf stage and 12-14 leaf stage of sunflower.The application of elicitor was not only safe for sunflower plants,but 600 times diluted solution also increased plant height by 12.41%and fresh weight by 22.56%compared with the water control.At the same time,the elicitor significantly increased the contents of chlorophyll and glutathione in sunflower leaves,with 600 times diluted solution increased by 9.62%and 23.15%respectively.The activities of glutathione S-transferase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase increased significantly with the application of 600 times diluted elicitor solution.Compared with the water control,the peak value increased by 5.09%,59.45%and 23.72%respectively.【Conclusion】The elicitor effectively controlled Orobanche cumana while being highly safe to sunflower.

关 键 词：诱抗剂 向日葵 诱导抗性 向日葵列当 防效 

分 类 号：S451.1[农业科学—植物保护]