双孢蘑菇栽培基质中线虫分离方法评价  

Evaluation of Methods for Isolating Nematodes from Agaricus bisporus Culture Medium

作　　者：贾培松[1] 贾文捷[1] 罗影[1] 努尔孜亚·亚力买买提[1] 王艺华 温切木·阿布列孜 魏鹏[1] JIA Peisong;JIA Wenjie;LUO Ying;Nurziya Yarmamat;WANG Yihua;Wemqiemu Abuliz;WEI Peng(Key Laboratory of Intergraded Management of Harmful Crop Vermin of China Northwestern Oasis,MOARA,Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Natural Resources Bureau of Habahe County,Habahe County,Xinjiang,836700,China;Basket Engineering Office of Altay City,Altay,Xinjiang 836500,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]哈巴河县自然资源局,新疆哈巴河836700 [3]阿勒泰市菜篮子工程办公室,新疆阿勒泰836500

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第7期1734-1740,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-20);农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室开放基金“新疆双孢蘑菇线虫病原鉴定及磷化铝防治技术研究”(KFJJ20170106)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究双孢蘑菇栽培基质中线虫的分离方法,为双孢蘑菇线虫病调查、分离与研究提供理论基础和技术支撑。【方法】利用贝曼漏斗法分离双孢蘑菇栽培基质中线虫,对不同栽培基质类型中线虫分离速率,评价不同生产方式和培养料处理方法对线虫发生的影响。【结果】不同基质材料中线虫分离速率差异显著,在分离24 h时线虫分离速率由大到小的材料依次为棉秆、麦草、棉籽壳和土壤材料,分离速率分别为86.05%、70.91%、37.98%和28.03%;孔隙度由大到小的材料依次为麦草、棉秆、棉籽壳和土壤材料,其孔隙度依次为3.36、2.48、2.02和1.24 mL/g;线虫浓度差异显著,工厂化生产方式和二次发酵处理条件下,基质材料中线虫浓度最低,出菇前后,培养料中线虫浓度分别为0和59.21条/100g,覆土材料中分别为12和79条/100g;农法生产方式和一次发酵处理条件下,线虫浓度最高,出菇前后,培养料中培养料中线虫浓度分别为1556.33和5371.33条/100g,覆土材料中分别为79和5236.67条/100g。【结论】不同基质材料类型中线虫分离速率差异十分显著,活体线虫分离速率与材料孔隙度呈显著正相关;线虫发生数量与生产方式和培养料处理方法密切相关,生产方式越先进、培养料发酵处理越彻底,线虫数量越低。【Objective】To provide theoretical basis and technical support for the investigation,isolation and research of nematode disease in Agaricus bisporus,through determining the scientific method of isolating nematodes from Agaricus bisporus culture medium.【Methods】Nematoda was isolated from Agaricus bisporus substrate by Beman funnel method.The effects of different substrate types,different production methods and media treatment methods on the occurrence of Nematoda were evaluated.【Results】The results showed that there were significant differences in nematode isolation rate among different matrix materials,the separation rates of cotton stalk,wheat straw,cottonseed hull and soil was 86.05%,70.91%,37.98%and 28.03%,respectively;The porosity of wheat straw,cotton stalk,cottonseed hull and soil was 3.36,2.48,2.02 and 1.24 mL/g,respectively;There were significant differences in nematode concentration under different production methods and treatments;The nematode concentration in the substrate was the lowest under the conditions of industrial production and secondary fermentation,the nematode concentration was 0/100g and 59.21/100g respectively in the culture medium,and was 12/100g and 79/100g in soil covering materials respectively,before and after fruiting;The nematode concentration in the substrate was the highest under the conditions of agricultural production and one-time fermentation,the nematode concentration was 1,556.33/100g and 5,371.33/100g respectively in the culture medium,and was 79/100g and 5,236.67/100g in soil covering materials respectively,before and after fruiting.【Conclusion】There was a significant difference in the rate of nematode isolation among different matrix materials,and there was a significant positive correlation between the rate of nematode isolation and porosity.The number of nematodes is closely related to the mode of production and the method of culture material treatment,the more advanced the mode of production and the more thorough the fermentation treatment of culture ma

关 键 词：双孢蘑菇 栽培基质 线虫 分离方法 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]