大长度日光温室东西方向的温度变化特征  

Temperature Variation Characteristics in East-west Direction of Solar Greenhouse with Large Length

作　　者：乐章燕 石茗化 魏渠成 宫志宏[2] 李雪杉 LE Zhangyan;SHI Minghua;WEI Qucheng;GONG Zhihong;LI Xueshan(Langfang Meteorological Bureau,Langfang,Hebei 065000;Tianjin Climate Center,Tianjin 300074,China)

机构地区：[1]廊坊市气象局,河北廊坊065000 [2]天津市气候中心,天津300074

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2022年第8期94-102,共9页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省科技厅项目“基于‘互联网+’设施农业智慧气象服务应用研究”(18225346);河北省气象局科研开发项目“日光温室草莓发育期和品质影响研究”(20ky20)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明不同气候类型下大长度日光温室东西方向的温度变化规律,以期为大长度日光温室温度的智能调控和农业生产的科学管理提供参考依据。【方法】以廊坊市草莓生产温室(东西长100 m、南北跨度10 m、脊高5 m)为研究对象,在温室东西方向布设10组监测点,对2020年冬季日光温室草莓全天候动态温度数据进行采集,采用反距离权重算法对东西方向上的温度进行建模,并获取温度高值区和低值区。【结果】晴天、多云天气和阴天夜间东西方向上的温度变化均较小,温度高值区出现在中部,低值区出现在东西两侧;晴天和多云天气揭开棉被后,太阳初升时温室内温度呈西高东低的变化趋势;13:00后由于生产管理过程中上通风口开启不均,温度高值区的出现位置不同,主要集中在温室的中东侧,低值区主要集中在东西两侧;2月温度高值区9:00前在温室中部,10:00-17:00高值区主要分布在东西两侧的10 m和90 m处,18:00后高值区主要分布在温室东侧20~30 m和西侧70 m处;温度低值区最大概率出现在60 m处。阴天高值区主要集中在温室中部,低值区在10 m处;温度快速升温和降温时段主要集中在上通风口打开前和盖棉被时。【结论】夜间温度低值区主要集中在温室的东侧或西侧区域,若有低温冻害天气发生时,应在东侧或西侧采取增温措施;在温室的高温时段,可根据作物的生长气象指标,适当在温室内增设风机,避免温度不均对作物生长产生影响。【Objective】The temperature variation regularity in east-west direction of solar greenhouse with large length is explored under different climate types to provide a reference for temperature intelligent monitor and control of a large-length solar greenhouse and scientific management of agricultural production.【Method】10 temperature monitoring points are laid in east-west direction of a greenhouse(100 m long from east to west,10 m span and 5 m high ridge)for strawberry production to collect all-weather dynamic temperature data in winter season in 2020 and then the high temperature areas and low temperature areas are designated by modelling the temperature field in east-west direction based on the inverse distance weight algorithm.【Result】The temperature variation in east-west direction is lesser at night on sunny,cloudy and overcast days and the high temperature areas are located in central part but the low temperature areas are located in east and west sides.The indoor temperature presents a variation trend with high in the west and low in the east when the sun rises and the quilts with cotton wadding are removed on sunny and cloudy days.After 13:00,the high temperature areas are mainly concentrated upon the central eastern side and the low temperature areas are mainly concentrated upon the east and west sides as the ventilation openings are uneven distribution.In February,the high temperature areas are mainly concentrated upon the central part before 9:00,10 m and 90 m of the east and west sides during 10:00-17:00 and 20~30 m in the east side and 70 m in the west side after 18:00.The low temperature areas are located at 60 m with maximum probability.The high temperature areas and low temperature areas are mainly concentrated upon the central part and 10 m on overcast days respectively.The rapid temperature rising and cooling time mainly occurs before opening ventilation openings and covering the quilts with cotton wadding.【Conclusion】If the weather with lower temperature and freeze injury occurs,t

关 键 词：大长度 日光温室 温度 反距离权重 

分 类 号：S162.41[农业科学—农业气象学]