中国沙漠旅游资源开发利用现状及发展前景  

Current situation and prospects of development and utilization of desert tourism resources in China

作　　者：党晓宏 李小乐 刘静[2] 蒙仲举 柏胜宏 翟波 刘博 DANG Xiaohong;LI Xiaole;LIU Jing;MENG Zhongju;BAI Shenghong;ZHAI Bo;LIU Bo(Desert Science and Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018;Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area of the Ministry of Water Resources of China,Hohhot 010020;Baotou Donghe District Party School,Baotou 014040;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Natural Resources Protection and Utilization Research Center,Hohhot 010020,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020 [3]中共包头市东河区党员会党校,包头014040 [4]内蒙古自治区自然资源保护与利用研究中心,呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2022年第7期194-201,共8页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：内蒙古自治区第十届“草原英才”(PC201907220608);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金计划项目“内蒙古荒漠化防治创新研究中心”资助。

摘　　要：经对文献统计和梳理,分析了中国沙漠旅游资源开发与利用现状及发展前景,并将其划分为初期探索时期(1982—2006年)及快速发展时期(2006—至今)两个阶段。我国沙漠资源开发模式分为国家发展规划带动开发、特色资源带动开发、文化遗址带动开的3种模式;利用模式分为风景观光、体育竞技、研学科考及工程建设4种模式。但开发与利用中仍存在资源利用率低、基础设置配置不合理、缺少区域特色、缺乏科技创新及可持续性差等问题。结合前人经验认为应充分挖掘和运用自然资源、民俗文化及历史遗址推动旅游产业发展,并刺激旅游业再次反馈于沙漠产业集群,实现跨产业互馈合作模式;在开发与利用中注重与国家发展政策的结合;提高未利用沙漠旅游资源的最大限度开发利用并注重空间地域差异性;拓展创新项目应注意高新科技的投入。坚决避免先发展再治理的路线,严格坚守生态红线,在实现沙区自然资源经济效益的同时兼顾社会、生态和文化效益,注重生态文明建设与旅游业的紧密结合,创造沙漠生态新景观。Based on the literature statistics and sorting,the present situation and development prospect of desert tourism resources development and utilization in China were analyzed,which can be divided into two stages:initial exploration period(1982-2006)and rapid development period(2006-present).The exploitation of desert resources in China can be divided into three modes:national development plan driven,characteristic resources driven and cultural sites driven.The utilization mode can be divided into four modes:scenic sightseeing,sports competition,scientific research and survey,and engineering construction.However,there are still some problems in the process of development and utilization of desert,such as low utilization rate of resources,unreasonable allocation of basic settings,lack of regional characteristics,lack of scientific and technological innovation and poor sustainability.Combined with previous experience,we propose that natural resources,folk culture and historical sites should be fully exploited and utilized to promote the development of tourism industry,and tourism industry should be fed back to the desert industry cluster again,to realize the cross-industry mutual feed cooperation mode.It should pay attention to the combination with national development policy in the process of development and utilization;To improve the maximum exploitation and utilization of unused desert tourism resources,and pay attention to the spatial differences.To pay attention to the investment of new technology when expanding innovative projects.We should resolutely avoid the wrong governance route of development first and governance second,and strictly adhere to the ecological red line.In order to realize the economic benefits of natural resources in the desert area,social benefits,ecological benefits and cultural benefits should be taken into account,and ecological civilization construction and tourism should be closely combined to create a new desert ecological landscape.

关 键 词：沙漠旅游资源 自然文化 生态环境 科技创新 旅游经济发展 

分 类 号：F590.3[经济管理—旅游管理]