西部地区农户生计分化、土地流转与收入增长--基于西部五省区微观调查数据  

Rural household’s livelihood differentiation,land transfer and farmers’income growth in western China

作　　者：祁晓民 杨轶华[1] QI Xiaomin;YANG Yihua(College of Philosophy and Sociology,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学哲学社会学院,长春130012

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2022年第8期38-45,共8页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA119)资助。

摘　　要：农户参与土地流转能否改善其家庭收入水平是一个社会各界关注的问题,然而已有的经验研究尚未形成一致意见。文中以为异质农户参与土地转入或转出后的收入增长路径不同是导致多数土地流转与收入效应研究结论不一致的关键。鉴于此,文中利用2019年西部五省区微观调查数据,使用中介效应模型,探索了生计分化、土地流转与收入增长关系。研究表明:1)生计分化程度对农户收入产生正向影响,与纯农户相比,兼业农户与非农户的增收效果更为明显。2)随着生计分化程度的提高,农户对土地的依赖程度逐渐弱化,土地转入意愿下降,土地转出意愿上升。3)中介模型结果显示,生计分化通过土地转出间接影响农户收入增长。因此,应发挥规模化和集约化生产优势、提高农户生产效率和完善农业支持保护政策等,促进土地转入农户的家庭收入增长;通过政府发展土地流转市场,显化土地资源的资产价值,以促进土地转出农户的家庭收入增长;要根据农户生计分化程度,引导未参与土地流转的农户参与其中,以提高其家庭收入。综上,文中为农户生计分化背景下优化土地流转政策、提高土地流转参与率、推进农村人口有序转移、改善农户家庭收入水平,并最终实现农户福利改善提供了一定的经验证据支持。It is a matter concerned by all society that whether farmers’land transfer can improve their household income.However,previous empirical studies are quite different.Our research suspects that the neglect of the heterogeneity of the farmers who participating farmland transfer has led to these different conclusions.Therefore,based on the micro-survey data of in five western provinces during 2019,the mediating effect model was used to analyze the relationship among rural household livelihood differentiation,land transfer and farmers’income growth.The basic empirical results showed that:Firstly,the degree of livelihood differentiation has a direct impact on the income of farmers.Compared with full-time farmer,part-time and non-time farmer’household income growths are obviously more.Secondly,with the gradual deepening of livelihood differentiation,farmers’dependence on land is weakened,and their inward transferring willingness decreases and outward transferring willingness increases.Finally,the results of the mediation model show that the livelihood differentiation indirectly affects the income growth of farmers through the transfer-out of farmland.Therefore,we should take the advantages of large-scale and intensive production,improve the efficiency of farmers’production,improve policies to support and protect agriculture production etc.,so as to promote the income growth of farmers that transfer the farmland in.Through the development of land transfer market by the government,the asset value of land resources will be manifested,so as to promote the income increase of farmers that transfer the farmland out.As well,according to the degree of livelihood differentiation of farmers,farmers who have not participated in land transfer should be guided to participate in it,so as to increase their family income.In summary,the research provides certain empirical evidence for optimizing the land transfer policy,increasing the participation rate of land transfer,and promoting ordered transfer of rural population,improvi

关 键 词：西部地区 生计分化 土地流转 收入增长 中介效应 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]