从全球激光点云到三维数字地球空间框架:全球精确测绘进阶之路  

From Global Laser Point Cloud Acquisition to 3D Digital Geospatial Framework: The Advanced Road of Global Accurate Mapping

作　　者：方勇[1,2] 龚辉 张丽[1,2] 胡海彦 Fang Yong;Gong Hui;Zhang Li;Hu Haiyan(Xi’an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,China;State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安测绘研究所,陕西西安710054 [2]地理信息工程国家重点实验室,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2022年第12期22-29,共8页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(GFZX04040202)。

摘　　要：激光点云数据具有测量精度高、处理效率快、三维视觉强、应用领域广等特点,将是新一代国家全球测绘数据库核心数据集之一。星载激光对地观测技术快速发展,为获取全球三维点云数据提供了可能,为构建高精度三维数字地球空间信息框架提供了一条快速有效的技术途径。首先分析了当前全球高精度三维测绘现状及面临的问题,然后给出了基于全球激光点云的三维数字地球空间信息框架快速构建的技术体系,主要包括星载光子计数体制激光点云数据探测、处理、应用等技术流程。最后分析了基于点云快速构建的三维数字地球框架的特点和优势,指出了下一步发展需要关注的主要问题和发展方向。Laser point cloud data has the characteristics of high measurement accuracy, fast processing efficiency,strong three-dimensional(3D) vision, and wide application fields. It will be one of the core data sets of the new generation national global topographic database. The rapid advancement of spaceborne laser earth observation technology allows the collection of global 3D point cloud data, as well as a quick and efficient technical method for constructing a high-precision 3D digital geospatial information framework. Herein, we first examined the current state and the issues of global high-precision 3D mapping. Further, the rapid construction setup of 3D digital earth spatial information framework based on global laser point cloud was proposed, mainly including the technical processes of spaceborne photon laser point cloud data detection, processing, and application. Finally, the characteristics and benefits of the rapid construction of 3D digital earth framework, based on point cloud, as well as the main problem and future development directions that must be addressed were discussed.

关 键 词：全球激光点云 全球控制点库 全球三维高程数据 三维数字地球空间框架 全球测绘数据库 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]