碳纤维含量对热塑性聚氨酯弹性体复合材料发泡性能的影响  

Effect of Carbon Fiber Content on Foaming Performance of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer Composites

作　　者：法厚健 王建康 柳晶敏 FA Hou-jian;WANG Jian-kang;LIU Jing-min(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and on-Line Monitoring for Light Industry&Food Machinery and Equipment,College of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300222,China;Tianjin Polymorphic Hybrid Machinery Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学机械工程学院天津市轻工与食品工程机械装备集成设计与在线监控重点实验室,天津300222 [2]天津多态混机械设备有限公司,天津300222

出　　处：《塑料科技》2022年第6期18-22,共5页Plastics Science and Technology

摘　　要：利用装有静态混合器的挤出机,制备热塑性聚氨酯弹性体/纳米碳纤维(TPU/CF)复合材料,以超临界二氧化碳(SC-CO_(2))为发泡剂,通过快速泄压法制备TPU/CF发泡样品,研究CF含量对复合材料熔体流动速率、泡孔结构、导电性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着CF含量的增加,TPU/CF复合材料的熔体流动速率逐渐降低,发泡制品的泡孔平均直径逐渐减小,泡孔密度逐渐升高。当CF含量为24.65%,泡孔密度为4.20×10^(9)个/cm^(3),与TPU相比提高172.7%,泡孔平均直径为4.29μm,与TPU相比下降36.2%。CF含量为4.95%时,发泡倍率达到最大值(1.65)。随着CF含量的增加,发泡倍率逐渐下降。发泡使TPU及其复合材料的电阻率降低。CF的加入提高TPU的拉伸强度,降低断裂伸长率。CF含量为9.89%时,发泡前后材料的拉伸强度达到最大值,分别为8.76 MPa和5.24 MPa。The thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer/carbon nanofibers(TPU/CF) composites were prepared by an extruder equipped with a static mixer. The TPU/CF foam samples were prepared by a rapid pressure relief method with supercritical carbon dioxide(SC-CO_(2)) as the foaming agent. The effects of CF content on the melt flow rate, cell structure,electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the composites were studied. The results show that with the increasing of CF content, the melt flow rate of TPU/CF composites gradually decreases, the average bubble diameter of foaming products gradually decreases, and the cell density gradually increases. When the CF content is 24.65%, the cell density is4.20×10^(9)cells/cm^(3), which is 172.7% higher than that of TPU and the average cell diameter is 4.29 μm, which is 36.2%lower than that of TPU. When CF content is 4.95%, the foaming ratio reaches the maximum(1.65). With the increasing of CF content, the foaming ratio gradually decrease. Foaming reduces the resistivity of TPU and its composites. The addition of CF increases the tensile strength of TPU and decreases the elongation at break. When the CF content is 9.89%, the tensile strength of the material before and after foaming reache the maximum, which are 8.76 MPa and 5.24 MPa, respectively.

关 键 词：热塑性聚氨酯弹性体 熔体流动速率 泡孔形态 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ334.1[化学工程—橡胶工业] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]