退役井场老化油污土壤的生物强化修复技术  

BIOAUGMENTATION REMEDIATION OF AGEING OIL-CONTAMINATED SOIL IN DECOMMISSIONED WELL FIELD

作　　者：丁明山 刘京煊 孙楠[4] 袁长忠 汪卫东[1,2] 李晓栋 王志坚[3] DING Ming-shan;LIU Jing-xuan;SUN Nan;YUAN Chang-zhong;WANG Wei-dong;LI Xiao-dong;WANG Zhi-jian(Sinopec Key Laboratory of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery,Dongying 257000,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering and Technology,Shengli Oilfield Company,Sinopec,Dongying 257000,China;Sinopec Xinjiang Xinchun Petroleum Exploitation Co.,Ltd.,Tacheng 833099,China;Gudong Oil Production Plant,Shengli Oilfield Company,Sinopec,Dongying 257237,China;Jinan Hongfeng Chemical Co.Ltd.,Jinan 251412,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化微生物采油重点实验室,山东东营257000 [2]中国石化胜利油田分公司石油工程技术研究院,山东东营257000 [3]中国石化新疆新春石油开发有限责任公司,新疆塔城833099 [4]中国石化胜利油田分公司孤东采油厂,山东东营257237 [5]济南弘丰化工有限公司,济南251412

出　　处：《环境工程》2022年第5期159-165,共7页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：中石化科技攻关“新型淋洗-生物工艺修复采油区污染土壤研究”(319005-5);中石化胜利油田分公司科技攻关“油泥砂及土壤生物修复技术研究与应用”(YG1805-1)。

摘　　要：退役井场油污土壤含油量低、原油重质化严重,为恢复其土壤属性,探索原位生物强化修复技术。在分析油污土壤中原油性质和土著菌群结构的基础上,优选配伍好的外源嗜烃菌,并应用生物促进剂,以及将菌剂固定化以提升其抗环境冲击能力,提升现场生物修复效率。结果表明:井场油污土壤平均含油率为14.6 mg/g,重质组分含量达到57%,土著菌群结构中缺少降解重质组分的微生物。室内优选2株具有协同效应的重质组分降解菌,在生物促进剂用量为500 mg/L和以锯末固定外源菌条件下,降解达标时间由120 d缩减至80 d。现场开展了2700 m^(2)场地原位修复试验,采用地耕法工艺,修复8个月后含油率由14.6 mg/g降至3.30 mg/g,达到GB 36600—2018《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》建设用地Ⅱ类用地要求。优选的重质油降解菌剂能提升原油污染物的降解速率,通过促进剂和菌剂投加方式的优化,可有效缩短修复周期。Oil contaminated soils from the decommissioned well site were with low oil content with an increasing heavy fraction over time.Therefore,bioaugmentation was performed to restore the original properties of the aging contaminated soil.The physicochemical properties and indigenous microbial communities of the contaminated soil from a decommissioned well site were systematically analyzed.Various hydrocarbon degrading strains and bio-emulsifiers were screened to promote a high degradation value.Moreover,the preparation method of immobilized strains was optimized to enhance the environmental resistance.It was found that the oil content of the contaminated soils was up to 14.6 mg/g with 57%of heavy component.There was a lack of heavy oil degrading microorganisms in the soils.Two functional degrading strains with synergistic effects were screened and immobilized to improve the efficiency of hydrocarbon degradation.With the addition of 500 mg/L F-3 bio-emulsifier,the degradation time of meeting the standard was reduced from 120 d to 80 d.Thereafter,a 2700 m2 field test was carried out with the land farming method.After 8 months,the oil content was reduced from 14.6 mg/g to 3.30 mg/g,meeting the requirements of state environmental standards,GB 36600-2018.The screened strains were capable of increasing the degradation rate of the aging oil contaminated soils,where the optimized emulsifier and adding method were in favor of reducing the remediation period.

关 键 词：老化油污土壤 生物强化 烃降解菌 土著菌 现场试验 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]