利用生活垃圾焚烧飞灰制备全废物基微晶玻璃  

Preparation of entirely waste-based glass-ceramics from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash

作　　者：李志川 杨一博 马蒸钊 张思腾 刘丽娜 沈伯雄[1,4] 张芝昆 LI Zhichuan;YANG Yibo;MA Zhengzhao;ZHANG Siteng;LIU Lina;SHEN Boxiong;ZHANG Zhikun(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control,School of Energy&Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;China Offshore Environmental Service(Tianjin)Ltd.,Tianjin 300457,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China;School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学能源与环境工程学院,天津市清洁能源与污染控制重点实验室,天津300401 [2]中海石油环保服务(天津)有限公司,天津300457 [3]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津3003550 [4]河北工业大学化工学院,天津300401

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2022年第6期1925-1932,共8页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(22176048);河北省引进留学人员资助项目(C20210332);河北省自然科学基金面上项目(E2021202030);天津市技术创新引导专项基金(21YDTPJC00820)。

摘　　要：生活垃圾焚烧飞灰被划定为危险废物,随着垃圾焚烧发电技术的推广应用,其处理处置引起了广泛关注。以垃圾焚烧飞灰为主原料,通过优势配伍粉煤灰和废玻璃,制备了全废物基CaO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)系统微晶玻璃。重点研究了烧结温度与碱度(CaO/SiO_(2))对微晶玻璃的晶相演变、机械物理性能和微观结构的影响,以及不同微晶玻璃的析晶机理。结果表明,当碱度在0.48-0.70时,基础玻璃的结晶方式都为三维整体结晶,但碱度的升高可以降低基础玻璃的结晶活化能。所有微晶玻璃中的晶相为钠长石、硅灰石和钙铝黄长石,不受烧结温度和碱度变化的影响。当碱度为0.56(GC2)时,抗压强度随烧结温度的升高在总体上呈现增加的趋势,但显微维氏硬度却逐渐降低。随着碱度的增加,抗压强度先增加然后降低,当碱度为0.56时,最大值为553.77 MPa,显微维氏硬度逐渐升高,当碱度为0.70时,其最大值为5.89 GPa。此外,典型重金属的毒性浸出测试结果表明,微晶玻璃的重金属浸出浓度远低于规定的浸出阈值,对环境无潜在风险。该研究结果可为垃圾焚烧飞灰资源化利用提供参考。Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash was categorized as hazardous waste and its management had drawn widespread attention with the promotion and application of waste-to-energy technology.An entirely waste-based glass-ceramic of CaO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2) system was synthesized from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash,coal fly ash and waste glass.The effect of sintering temperature and basicity(CaO/SiO_(2)) on the crystal phase transition,physical-mechanical performance and microstructure of the glass-ceramics and the crystallization kinetic of parent glasses were investigated.The results indicated that all the parent glass exhibited three-dimensional bulk crystallization when basicity was in range of 0.48-0.70,the increase of basicity decreased the crystallization activation energy of parent glass.The coexisting crystal phases in the glassceramics were anorthite,wollastonite and gehlenite and the type of crystal phases was not affected by sintering temperature and basicity.When basicity was 0.56(GC2),the compressive strength increased in general with the increase of sintering temperature but the microhardness exhibited the opposite trend.With the increase of basicity,the compressive strength increased firstly and then decreased,its maximum value was 553.77 MPa when basicity was 0.56,the microhardness increased and its maximum value was 5.89 GPa when basicity was0.70.In addition,the toxic leaching test results of typical heavy metals showed that the leaching concentrations of heavy metals in glass-ceramics were far below limitation and there was no potential risk to the environment.The results of this study can provide theoretical and data support for the resource utilization of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash.

关 键 词：垃圾焚烧飞灰 微晶玻璃 全废物基 重金属 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]