珠江三角洲地区人为氮磷净输入特征及污染管控建议  

Characteristics of anthropogenic net input of nitrogen and phosphorus and suggestions on pollution control in Pearl River Delta

作　　者：程元辉 毛宇鹏 张洪[1,2] CHENG Yuanhui;MAO Yupeng;ZHANG Hong(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510530,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所,广州510530

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2022年第6期2049-2060,共12页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0801301)。

摘　　要：人为排放的氮磷对流域生态系统的大量输入会导致水体富营养化,因此,识别区域内氮、磷的输入来源对流域管理具有重要意义。珠江三角洲地区作为我国的高城市化城市群,其社会因素对生态环境的影响日益增大。利用珠江三角洲各城市社会经济统计数据,采用人类活动净氮、净磷输入(NANI和NAPI)模型,评估了珠江三角洲地区人为氮磷输入强度,分析了珠江三角洲氮磷输入的主要途径。结果表明:2000—2019年,珠江三角洲地区的NANI和NAPI强度呈现先波动上升后逐渐下降的趋势,波峰出现在2011年,分别为22630kg·(km^(2)·a)^(-1)和4413 kg·(km^(2)·a)^(-1);在2019年下降至近20 a来的最低值,分别为18985 kg·(km^(2)·a)^(-1)和3678 kg·(km^(2)·a)^(-1)。人类食品和动物饲料是人为氮磷净输入的最大来源,分别占各自的55.5%和68%。这表明大量的氮和磷通过食物系统进入环境中。灰色关联度分析结果表明,城市化率和畜禽养殖密度是影响珠江三角洲人为氮磷输入的最主要因素。本研究结果可为在该区域建立有效的氮磷综合管理措施提供参考。The input of man-made nitrogen and phosphorus to the watershed ecosystem leads to water eutrophication.Therefore,identifying the input sources of nitrogen and phosphorus in the region is of great significance to watershed management.As a high urbanization urban agglomeration in China,the Pearl River Delta has an increasing impact on the ecological environment.Based on the socio-economic statistical data of cities in the Pearl River Delta,using the net anthropogenic N inputs(NANI) and net anthropogenic P inputs(NAPI) Models,this study evaluated the intensities of NANI and NAPI and revealed the main sources of nitrogen and phosphorus input in the Pearl River Delta.The results showed that the intensity of NANI and NAPI in this area increased firstly and then decreased gradually from 2000 to 2019.The fluctuation peaks appeared in2011,which were 22 630 kg·(km^(2)·a)-1 and 4 413 kg·(km^(2)·a)-1 respectively.In 2019,it decreased to the lowest value of 18 985 kg·(km^(2)·a)-1 and 3 678 kg·(km^(2)·a)-1 in recent 20 years,respectively.Human food and animal feed were identified as the largest sources of nitrogen and phosphorus inputs,with contribution rates of about55.5% and 68%,respectively.This indicated that large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus entered the environment through the food system.The gray correlation analysis showed that the urbanization rate and livestock density are the main factors affecting the anthropogenic input of nitrogen and phosphorus in the Pearl River Delta region.The results of this study can provide a reference for establishing effective comprehensive management measures of nitrogen and phosphorus in the Pearl River Delta Basin.

关 键 词：珠江三角洲地区 人类活动净氮输入 人类活动净磷输入 高度城市化 环境管理措施 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]