沈阳市政污泥中重金属污染特征及其生态风险评价  

Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Municipal Sewage Sludge of Shenyang

作　　者：侯永侠[1] 江宇 丁睿尧 魏建兵[1] 李玉双[1] 宋雪英[1] 赵晓旭 HOU Yongxia;JIANG Yu;DING Ruiyao;WEI Jianbing;LI Yushuang;SONG Xueying;ZHAO Xiaoxu(Laboratory of Regional Pollution Environment and Ecological Rehabilitation,Ministry of Education,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110044,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecology-Toxicological Effects&Control for Emerging Contaminants,Putian University,Putian,351100,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳大学区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110044 [2]莆田学院福建省新型污染物生态毒理效应与控制重点实验室,福建莆田351100

出　　处：《沈阳大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期251-259,共9页Journal of Shenyang University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41771200);沈阳市科技计划项目(20206402);福建省新型污染物生态毒理效应与控制重点实验室(莆田学院)开放经费资助课题(PY19004)。

摘　　要：测定了沈阳市15座污水处理厂污泥中8种重金属的质量分数,对污泥中重金属质量分数进行相关性分析和主成分分析,并采用3种评价方法进行生态风险评价。结果显示:沈阳市政污泥中重金属质量分数较高,Cr、As、Hg、Ni、Zn平均质量分数高于全国平均水平。重金属Cd、Cr、Cu、Zn之间呈现出显著正相关,表明这4种重金属之间具有较高的同源性,主成分1~3的累积方差贡献率为81.793%,能够反映原始指标所包含的大部分信息。3种重金属的生态风险评价结果均显示Hg为污染程度最高因子,但不同评价方法的分析结果略有差异。内梅罗指数评价法表明污泥中重金属污染程度主要分为3个等级,其中13%的采样点污泥污染程度为轻污染,47%的采样点污泥污染程度为警戒级,40%的采样点污泥污染程度为安全级;潜在生态风险评价法表明生态风险程度分为重度和严重2个等级,其中53%的采样点生态风险程度为重度,47%的采样点生态风险程度为严重;地累积指数法表明Hg在80%的采样点污染程度为偏重污染和中度污染,在20%的采样点污染程度为偏中度污染,其他重金属的生态风险程度较低。The mass fractions of 8 heavy metals in the sludge of 15 sewage treatment plants in Shenyang City were determined,the correlation analysis and principal component analysis were carried out on the mass fractions of heavy metals in the sludge,and three evaluation methods were used for ecological risk assessment.The results showed that the content of heavy metals in Shenyang municipal sludge was relatively high,and the average content of Cr,As,Hg,Ni,and Zn was higher than the national average.The heavy metals Cd,Cr,Cu,and Zn showed a significant positive correlation,indicating that these four heavy metals had high homology.The cumulative variance contribution rate of PC1-PC3 was 81.793%,which can reflect most of the information contained in the original indicators.The ecological risk assessment results of the three heavy metals all showed that Hg was the highest pollution factor,but with different assessment methods,the results were slightly different.The Nemerow index evaluation method showed that the degree of heavy metal pollution in sludge was mainly divided into 3 grades,of which 13%of the sampling points had a light pollution degree,47%of the sampling points had a warning level,and 40%of the sampling points had a high degree of sludge pollution.The degree of sludge pollution at the sampling point was at the safety level;the potential ecological risk assessment method showed that the degree of ecological risk was divided into two levels:severe and severe,of which 53%of the sampling points had a severe degree of ecological risk,and 47%of the sampling points had a severe degree of ecological risk.The geoaccumulation index method showed that the pollution degree of Hg in 80%of the sampling points was heavy pollution and moderate pollution,and the pollution degree in 20%of the sampling points was moderate pollution,and the ecological risk degree of other heavy metals was low.

关 键 词：市政污泥 重金属 生态风险 内梅罗指数 潜在生态风险指数 地累积指数 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]