硫酸盐还原菌与油气的相互作用对硫化氢生成的影响  

Influence of interaction between sulfate reducing bacteria and oil and gas on hydrogen sulfide generation

作　　者：韩重莲[1,2] 王海静 王力[1,2] 于中奇 李庆松[1,2] 李国 孙源[3] HAN Zhonglian;WANG Haijing;WANG Li;YU Zhongqi;LI Qingsong;LI Guo;SUN Yuan(Oil Production Engineering Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd,Daqing 163453,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Stimulation,Daqing 163453,China;Qingdao JZR Oil and Gas Field Development Technology Co Ltd,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]大庆油田有限责任公司采油工程研究院,黑龙江大庆163453 [2]黑龙江省油气藏增产增注重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163453 [3]青岛金智瑞油气田开发技术有限公司,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《大庆石油地质与开发》2022年第4期116-121,共6页Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“松辽盆地致密油开发示范工程”(2017ZX05071)。

摘　　要：油田生产过程中部分油水井出现硫化氢气体,并且见硫化氢井井数呈现连年增多的趋势,给油田的生产安全带来了很大压力。为了弄清硫酸盐还原菌与油气的相互作用对硫化氢生成的影响,利用培养硫酸还原菌测定其产生硫化氢浓度的方法,从硫酸盐还原菌种类、硫酸盐还原菌接种量、温度、pH值、矿化度、原油种类、压力等方面,对硫化氢质量浓度变化进行研究。结果表明:在原油组成一定条件下,影响硫化氢生成量的主要因素是pH值和矿化度。过酸、过碱,矿化度过高都对硫化氢生成量有较大的影响,尤其是碱性环境和矿化度为10 000mg/L时几乎检测不到硫化氢;随温度和压力升高,硫化氢生成量出现降低趋势,而接种量和原油组成对于硫酸盐还原菌数量的最高值影响不大。原油与硫酸盐还原菌作用生成硫化氢有利条件为:温度45~80℃、pH为中性或偏酸性、矿化度小于7 500 mg/L,该条件下实验室培养液中最大硫化氢生成量为13.935 mg/L。研究成果为大庆油田有效抑制油井产出硫化氢提供了实验依据,为保障油田安全生产提供了技术支撑。In the process of oilfield production,hydrogen sulfide gas appears in some producers and injectors,and the number of hydrogen sulfide wells increases year by year,which brings much challenge to production safety of oilfield. In order to understand the influence of interaction between sulfate reducing bacteria and oil and gas on hydrogen sulfide generation,the method of culturing sulfate reducing bacteria to determine hydrogen sulfide concentration is used to study change of mass concentration of hydrogen sulfide from the aspects of sulfate reducing bacteria type,inoculation amount of sulfate reducing bacteria,temperature,pH value,salinity,crude oil type and pressure. The results show that under certain conditions of crude oil composition,the main factors affecting hydrogen sulfide generation amount are pH value and salinity. Excessively high acidity,alkalinity and salinity have much influence on hydrogen sulfide generation amount,especially in alkaline environment and salinity being 10 000 mg/L,with almost no hydrogen sulfide detected. With the increase of temperature and pressure,hydrogen sulfide generation amount decreases,while inoculation amount and crude oil composition have little influence on the maximum amount of sulfate reducing bacteria. Favorable conditions for hydrogen sulfide generated by interaction of crude oil and sulfate reducing bacteria are:temperature 45~80 ℃,pH value neutral or acidic,salinity less than 7 500 mg/L,and the maximum amount of hydrogen sulfide in laboratory culture medium is 13.935 mg/L. The research results provide experimental basis for effectively inhibiting the production of hydrogen sulfide and technical support for ensuring safe production in Daqing Oilfield.

关 键 词：大庆油田 硫酸盐还原菌(SRB) 硫化氢(H2S) 影响因素 实验研究 

分 类 号：TE357.46[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]