中世纪晚期英国小额货币匮乏问题探析  

The Shortage of Small Denominations and Its Root in Late Medieval England

作　　者：于振洋 Yu Zhenyang

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史学系,上海200433

出　　处：《历史教学（下半月）》2022年第7期34-41,共8页History Teaching

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“英国经济社会史文献学专题研究”(项目编号:17ZDA225)阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：中世纪晚期,英国小额货币的质乏对民众的零售交易造成了严重的影响。英国政府从追加供给与从严治理两方面入手,以期解决问题。然而,事实证明英国政府的货币治理举措在解决小额货币问题方面成效有限。究其根源并非源自贵金属的供给与贮藏以及贸易逆差,而是在于普通消费品市场的需求与官方货币治理机制之间的“非协调性”,最终导致英国无法走出小额货币量短缺的困境。但基层民众对小额货币的需求日益增长这一事实,不仅反映出社会转型时期英国社会基层的商业活跃度与民众市场参与度不断提升,更体现了政府与民众之间在商业问题上的有效互动。Thecirculation of small denominations(halfpenny and farthing)was usually in a state of shortage in late medieval England,which had adverse effects on retail business.Inviewofthis,England tried to solve the problem of the small currencies in terms of minting and governance.However,the monetary governance initiatives implemented by English govermment had limited success in solving the shortage of halfpennies and farthings in the late Middle Ages.Thisstemmed from the fact that the general consumer goods market represented by retail showed an active trend,which made the people's demand for halfpennies and farthings continue toexpand,and the currency governance mechanism failed to cater to the development of retail business,which eventually led to the inability to get out the dilemma of small denominations Meanwhile,the shortage of small currencies also reflected the activity of commerce in late Medieval England and people'sinvolvementinthemarket.

关 键 词：英国 商业 小额货币 货币治理 

分 类 号：K13[历史地理—历史学]