玉米杂交种及其亲本苗期性状对低氮胁迫的动态响应  

Dynamic Changes of Seedling Traits among Maize Hybrids and Their Parents in Response to Low Nitrogen Stress

作　　者：徐世英 王宁 程皓 冯万军[1] Xu Shiying;Wang Ning;Cheng Hao;Feng Wanjun(College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agricultural University/Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Center for Endemic Crops Production with High-Quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau,Jinzhong 030801,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院/黄土高原特色作物优质高效生产省部共建协同创新中心,山西晋中030801

出　　处：《作物杂志》2022年第4期90-98,共9页Crops

基　　金：黄土高原特色作物优质高效生产省部共建协同创新中心自主研发项目(SBGJXTZX);山西农业大学生物育种工程(YZGC090)。

摘　　要：以玉米杂交种先玉335及其亲本(PH6WC、PH4CV)和豫玉22及其亲本(综3、87-1)为试验材料,通过水培方法,设置低氮(0.04mmol/L,LN)和正常氮素(2mmol/L,CK)水平2个处理,分别在培养3、7和14d后,对其幼苗生物量积累、叶片和根系表型、叶绿素及氮素含量等进行分析,探究低氮胁迫下玉米杂交种及其亲本幼苗性状的动态变化。结果表明,玉米苗期根系对低氮的响应要早于地上部,且杂交种对低氮的响应比亲本更为迅速。在CK和LN处理下,杂交种幼苗的多个性状均存在中亲和超亲优势,豫玉22的根尖数、根系氮积累量占比和先玉335的总根长、根表面积及根尖数的杂种优势在3个时间点与CK处理相比均有较大幅度提高。通过耐低氮指数分析发现,杂交种的耐低氮能力介于2个亲本之间或与其中1个亲本接近。Maize hybrid Xianyu 335 and its parental inbred lines(PH6WC,PH4CV),and Yuyu 22 and its parental inbred lines(Zong 3,87-1)were selected as experimental materials.Two nitrogen level treatments were carried out by hydroponics,including low nitrogen(0.04mmol/L,LN)and normal nitrogen(2mmol/L,CK)levels.After three,seven and fourteen days of culture,the biomass accumulation,leaf and root phenotype,leaf chlorophyll content and nitrogen content were analyzed in order to explore the dynamic changes of seedling traits among maize hybrids and their parents under low nitrogen stress.The results showed that the response of root to low nitrogen was earlier than that of shoot,and the response of hybrids to low nitrogen was faster than those of their parents.Under CK and LN treatments,most traits of hybrid seedlings showed heterosis.The heterosis of the root tip number and nitrogen accumulation in roots of Yuyu 22,and total root length,root surface area and root tip number of Xianyu 335 were significantly increased at three time points compared with control.Based on the low nitrogen tolerance index analysis,it was found that the low nitrogen tolerance of the hybrid was between or close to one of the two parents.

关 键 词：玉米 幼苗性状 杂种优势 低氮胁迫 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]