播距和播量对张杂谷10号生长特性及产量的影响  

Effects of Sowing Distance and Sowing Amount on the Growth Characteristics and Yield of Zhangzagu 10

作　　者：马珂 冯雷 赵夏童 张丽光[1] 原向阳[1] 董淑琦[1] 郭平毅[1] 宋喜娥[1] Ma Ke;Feng Lei;Zhao Xiatong;Zhang Liguang;Yuan Xiangyang;Dong Shuqi;Guo Pingyi;Song Xi’e(College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801,Shanxi,China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Fangshan County,Lüliang 033100,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西晋中030801 [2]山西吕梁方山县农业农村局,山西吕梁033100

出　　处：《作物杂志》2022年第4期172-178,共7页Crops

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-06-13.5-A28);山西省重点研发项目(2015-TN-09);山西农业大学青年拔尖创新人才支持计划(TYIT201406)。

摘　　要：为提高丘陵山地谷子机械化播种水平,明确机械精量播种模式下播距和播量对张杂谷10号生长特性及产量的影响,通过自走式多功能小粒种子播种机JAS-502B播种,研究不同播种参数对张杂谷10号生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明,随着播距减小和播量增大,谷子株高、叶绿素b含量、胞间CO_(2)浓度、最大光化学量子产量和结穗数明显升高,茎粗、叶面积、干重、叶绿素a含量、类胡萝卜素含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、表观光合电子传递速率、硝酸还原酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量和穗粒重明显降低,叶绿素(a+b)含量、非光化学猝灭系数和光化学猝灭系数无显著差异。在本试验条件下,使用F轮和X轮播种均可提高张杂谷10号产量,使用YJ轮播种谷子产量较低。不同播距条件下谷子产量差异不显著,张杂谷10号是通过分蘖数来调节穗数,实现低密度条件下的增产。In order to increase the degree of robotic precision seeding of foxtail millet in mountainous terrain,the effects of sowing distance and sowing amount on the growth characteristics and yield of Zhangzagu 10 was investigated.The growth characteristics and yield of Zhangzagu 10 under various sowing settings were studied using the seed planter JAS-502B.The results showed that with the decrease of the sowing distance and the increase of the sowing rate,the plant height,chlorophyll b content,C_(i),F_(v)/F_(m),and number of ears of foxtail millet increased obviously,the stem diameter,leaf area,dry weight,chlorophyll a content,carotenoids content,P_(n),T_(r),G_(s),ETR,nitrate reductase activity,soluble protein content and grain weight were reduced,chlorophyll(a+b)content,NPQ and qP had no significant difference.Under the experimental conditions,sowing through the F and X wheels,the yield of Zhangzagu 10 was increased,while it was decreased by seeding through YJ wheels.There was no significant difference in the yield of Zhangzagu 10 under different sowing distance.The number of spikes was adjusted by the number of tillers,which increased the yield of Zhangzagu 10 under low density conditions.

关 键 词：谷子 张杂谷10号 机械精量播种 气体交换参数 叶绿素荧光参数 产量 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]