谷子和杂草对氰氟草酯的敏感性  

Sensitivity of Foxtail Millets(Setaria italica L.)and Weeds to Cyhalofop-Butyl

作　　者：李秉华[1] 王贵启[1] 师志刚[2] 刘小民[1] 许贤[1] 赵铂锤 程汝宏[2] Li Binghua;Wang Guiqi;Shi Zhigang;Liu Xiaomin;Xu Xian;Zhao Bochui;Cheng Ruhong(Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province/Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050035,Hebei,China;Cereal Crops Laboratory of Hebei Province/Institute of Millet Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050035,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省作物栽培生理与绿色生产重点试验室/河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所,河北石家庄050035 [2]河北省杂粮研究试验室/河北省农林科学院谷子研究所,河北石家庄050035

出　　处：《作物杂志》2022年第4期262-266,共5页Crops

基　　金：河北省省级科技计划(20326504D,19226378D);国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1001700);河北省现代农业产业技术体系杂粮杂豆创新团队优质夏谷岗位(HBCT2018070201);河北省农林科学院现代农业科技创新工程课题(2019-4-2-1)。

摘　　要：通过室内生物测定试验和田间小区试验,明确氰氟草酯对谷子的安全性和杂草的敏感性,为氰氟草酯在谷田的应用提供理论依据。室内生物测定试验结果表明,谷田恶性杂草牛筋草和谷莠子对氰氟草酯分别为高度敏感(GR_(90)45.02g a.i./hm^(2))和一般敏感(GR_(90)124.13g a.i./hm^(2))。氰氟草酯对冀谷39和杂草的选择性指数大于2,且为不敏感(GR_(10)284.05g a.i./hm^(2)),对豫谷18和杂草的选择性指数小于1,且为高度敏感(GR_(10)13.70g a.i./hm^(2))。冀谷39的抗药性指数为9.65。田间试验结果进一步表明,氰氟草酯能有效防除抗除草剂谷子品种冀谷39田间的禾本科杂草,对牛筋草和马唐的防效高,氰氟草酯在110g a.i./hm^(2)剂量下对牛筋草和马唐的鲜重防效和株数防效均高于96%;氰氟草酯对谷莠子生长有显著抑制作用,110g a.i./hm^(2)剂量对谷莠子的鲜重防效大于80%,对冀谷39的株高和鲜重没有影响。结果揭示了抗除草剂谷子品种冀谷39对氰氟草酯有较强的耐药性,普通谷子品种豫谷18对氰氟草酯没有耐药性,合理使用氰氟草酯能够有效防除冀谷39田间的多种禾本科杂草。Bioassay experiment and field plot test were executed to examine the weed sensitivity of cyhalofopbutyl and its safety on foxtail millet for providing theoretical guidance for the application of cyhalofop-butyl in millet field.The results of the laboratory bioassay test showed that Eleusine indica L.was highly sensitive(GR_(90)=45.02g a.i./ha)to cyhalofop-butyl and Setaria faberii Herrm.was commonly sensitive(GR_(90=)124.13g a.i./ha)to it.The selection index of cyhalofop-butyl between Jigu 39 and weeds was higher than 2 and Jigu 39 showed low sensitivity(GR_(10)=284.05g a.i./ha)to cyhalofop-butyl.The selection index of Yugu 18 was below 1 and Yugu 18 showed highly sensitive(GR_(10)=13.70g a.i./ha)to it.The resistant index of Jigu 39 was 9.65.Field test results further showed that cyhalofop-butyl could effectively control grassy weeds in the herbicide-resistant millet field.It had high control effect to E.indica and Digitaria sanguinalis L.,both of biomass and number control effect were higher than 96%at the dose of 110g a.i./ha.It also had a significant inhibitory effect on S.faberii and the biomass control effect was higher than 80%.Biomass and plant height of Jigu 39 were unaffected by cyclofop-butyl.According to the study,Yugu 18 shown great susceptibility to cyhalofop-butyl while Jigu 39,a herbicide-resistant millet type,was resistant to it.In a field of herbicide-resistant millet,using cyhalofop-butyl wisely could successfully suppress grass weeds.

关 键 词：谷子 杂草 氰氟草酯 敏感性 耐药性 

分 类 号：S451.21[农业科学—植物保护]