瓯江口刀鲚渔业生物学分析  

Resource changes and fishery biology analysis of Coilia nasus in Oujiang River Estuary

作　　者：陈伟峰 蔡继晗 叶深[1,2] 张石天 倪勇 彭欣[1,2] 陈坚[3] CHEN Weifeng;CAI Jihan;YE Shen;ZHANG Shitian;NI Yong;PENG Xin;CHEN Jian;无(Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute,Wenzhou Zhejiang 325005,China;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bioresource,Wenzhou Zhejiang 325005,China;Wenzhou Aquatic Technology Extension Station,Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000,China;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所,浙江温州325005 [2]浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室,浙江温州325005 [3]温州市渔业技术推广站,浙江温州325000 [4]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2022年第3期257-266,共10页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41976091);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1406304)。

摘　　要：为了解瓯江口刀鲚(Coilia nasus)资源的变动情况,根据2017年2月-2019年11月对瓯江口海域进行的12个航次的底拖网调查资料,以生物量、丰度作为资源分布的数量指标,运用FiSATⅡ对刀鲚的生物学参数进行估算,采用Beverton-Holt模型对刀鲚的资源变动状况进行评估。结果表明:12个航次拖网调查共采集刀鲚1008尾,2017年、2018年和2019年的平均生物量和平均丰度分别为16.06 kg·km^(-2)、4.22 kg·km^(-2)、14.62 kg·km^(-2)和0.82×10^(3)尾·km^(-2)、0.13×10^(3)尾·km^(-2)、0.85×10^(3)尾·km^(-2);体长范围为12~357 mm,优势体长组为105~270 mm,占84.36%,体长(L)和体质量(W)的关系式为W=3×10^(-6)L^(3.0178);体质量的生长拐点年龄为2.20龄。采用Pauly经验公式估算出刀鲚的自然死亡系数M=0.43,采用长度变换渔获曲线法估算刀鲚的总死亡系数Z=1.33,捕捞死亡系数F=0.90,当前开发率E=0.68。据Beverton-Holt模型显示,瓯江口刀鲚已处于过度开发状态,为保护并恢复瓯江口刀鲚资源,建议在西洲岛-楠溪江口段水域设立刀鲚产卵场保护区。The Oujiang River Estuary(ORE),a critical habitat for fish foraging,breeding and nursery,represents a high productive ecosystem in the northern subtropical of the west Pacific Ocean.However,due to the rapid development of surrounding cities,various seas have been occupied and marine resources have been exploited intensively,with enormous variations of the community structure of fishery resources.The common economic species,including Coilia nasus,have declined significantly,and have been replaced by younger age,low-value and miniaturized fish,indicating that the stability of fish community structure has been increasingly damaged.C.nasus is an important economic fish along the coast of China.It is popular among coastal residents because of its good taste and rich nutrition.It has also received widespread attention from the academic society for the decline of resources in recent years.C.nasus belongs to order Clupeiformes,family Engraulidae,and genus Coilia,and is mainly distributed in China,Japan and the Korean Peninsula.The research on C.nasus has mainly focused on the waters of the Yangtze River Estuary(YRE)in recent years,and the research contents include population,resource changes,reproductive characteristics,age identification and so on.There are few studies on Coilia nasus in the ORE.To understand the resources and its changes of Coilia nasus in the ORE,a total of twelve bottom trawling surveys were carried out in the sea from February 2017 to November 2019.The survey range of east longitude was between 121°00′to 121°54′,and north latitude was between 27°45′to 28°06′.The survey ship was“Zheyueyuxiu 00105”with a main power of 202 kW and a tonnage of 128 t.The opening area of the bottom trawling net underwater was about 6 m(width)and 1.5 m(height),the mesh of the bag net was 2.5 cm,the ship was trawling 0.75 hours per station with a speed of 3-4 n mile·h^(-1),all_(t)he surveys were carried out during the day.The sweeping area method was used to estimate the biomass distribution of C.nasus,and

关 键 词：刀鲚 生长参数 死亡参数 开发率 瓯江口 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]