基于声学方法的2019年夏季南海中南部重要中上层经济鱼类资源评估  

Acoustic assessment of commercially important pelagic fish resources in the central and southern South China Sea in the summer of 2019 based on acoustic research

作　　者：侯宇伟 刘世刚 李渊 宋普庆 陈宗正 林龙山 张静[1] HOU Yuwei;LIU Shigang;LI Yuan;SONG Puqing;CHEN Zongzheng;LIN Longshan;ZHANG Jing(Fisheries College,Jimei University,Xiamen Fujian 361021,China;Third Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xiamen Fujian 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,福建厦门361021 [2]自然资源部第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2022年第3期267-279,共13页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：全球变化与海气相互作用专项(GASI-02-SCS-YDsum)。

摘　　要：为评估南海中南部中上层渔业资源,利用2019年6-7月(夏季)在南海中南部开展的渔业资源声学调查数据,结合灯光罩网生物采样数据,对南海中南部调查海域5种主要中上层经济鱼类,包括黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)、鲣(Katsuwonus pelamis)、双鳍舵鲣(Auxis rochei)、长体圆鲹(Decapterus macrosoma)和脂眼凹肩鲹(Selar crumenophthalmus)进行了渔业资源声学评估。结果表明,调查海域5种鱼类的资源量分别为2.81×10^(4)t、3.77×10^(4)t、8.71×10^(4)t、5.73×10^(4)t、2.66×10^(4)t,资源丰度分别为3.78×10^(9)尾、2.39×10^(9)尾、8.95×10^(8)尾、4.95×10^(8)尾、1.55×10^(9)尾。调查区最北断面(14°00′~16°00′N、110°00′~117°30′E)是渔业资源密度较高的区域。对比历史调查数据显示,金枪鱼类资源量已经明显减少,应考虑采取适当的措施对其资源进行养护;鲹科鱼类资源量变动不显著,仍可保持合理的开发。研究结果可为我国可持续利用南海中南部渔业资源以及制定合理的养护策略提供参考。The South China Sea is one of the most diverse marine areas in the world.Since the 1990s,the fishery resources in the northern offshore areas of the South China Sea have shown a significant trend of decay,and a large amount of offshore fishing pressure has begun to shift to the central and southern South China Sea.The central and southern South China Sea is rich in fishery resources,including Thunnus albacares,Katsuwonus pelamis,Auxis rochei,Decapterus macrosoma and Selar crumenophthalmus,which have large potential for exploitation.Therefore,accurate assessment of fish stocks is of great significance for guiding fishery production and management in the South China Sea.In recent decades,fisheries acoustics has gradually emerged as a method for fisheries resource assessment.With the advantages of being fast,efficient,high sampling rate,short survey time,not destroying biological resources,and providing abundant spatial and temporal data,fisheries acoustics is suitable for the survey of pelagic biological resources and has been widely used in the assessment of pelagic fishery resources.In order to assess the status of fishery resources in the central and southern South China Sea,scientific echosounder was used to investigate and evaluate the fishery resources in the central and southern South China Sea from June to July 2019(summer).The investigation area was 109°00′-117°30′E,5°30′-16°00′N and the acoustics survey area was about 2.45×10^(5) n mile 2 with 42 biological sampling stations by light falling net.The time to lure fish with light was 2 h in each station.After each haul,catches were randomly selected on the deck according to the category ratio,all catches were classified and counted,and then the body length(or fork length)and the weight of the catches were measured and recorded.The acoustic data were collected according to the pre-set survey route by the split beam Simrad EK80 portable scientific echosounder(120 kHz),and the analysis processing was mainly done with Echoview(version 7.1)software.

关 键 词：中上层渔业资源 声学评估 南海 夏季 资源养护 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]