基于线粒体cytb和d-loop基因序列的东南沿海可口革囊星虫遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity of Phascolosoma esculenta base on mitochondrial cytb gene and d-loop region in the southeast coast of China

作　　者：许瑞雯 陈兴汉[1] 余祥勇[3] XU Ruiwen;CHEN Xinghan;YU Xiangyong(Yangjiang Polytechnic,Yangjiang Guangdong 529566,China;Fisheries College,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang Guangdong 524088,China;School of Marine Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642)

机构地区：[1]阳江职业技术学院,广东阳江529566 [2]广东海洋大学,广东湛江524088 [3]华南农业大学,广州510642

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2022年第3期288-302,共15页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：阳江市市级实验室建设项目(2018033);阳江职业技术学院院级科技项目(2018kjbc02)。

摘　　要：为了解中国东南沿海可口革囊星虫(Phascolosoma esculenta)自然群体的遗传多样性水平,探明该物种的种质资源情况,采用线粒体细胞色素b(cytb)基因和线粒体DNA控制区(d-loop)序列分析技术对广东湛江(ZJ)、广东阳江(YJ)、广西钦州(QZ)、福建宁德(ND)、浙江温州(WZ)5个可口革囊星虫自然群体进行测序分析。在150个样本中,cytb和d-loop序列分别检测到了118和158个多态位点,定义了62和79种单倍型。基于cytb和d-loop序列的遗传多样性参数分析均表现出较高的基因多样性(cytb:0.8713~0.9632;d-loop:0.9425~0.9816)和较低水平的核苷酸多样性(cytb:0.032487~0.040975;d-loop:0.033247~0.046151)。而分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果一致表明,群体内部的遗传变异(cytb:98.56%;d-loop:98.61%)比例显著高于群体间的遗传变异(cytb:1.44%;d-loop:1.39%),表明可口革囊星虫在不同地理群体间的遗传变异并不明显,不同地理群体之间不存在地理隔离。单倍型邻接树的拓扑结构简单,未呈现明显的地理谱系结构。从Tajima’s D和Fu’s Fs检验结果显著偏离中性这一现象,可推测出可口革囊星虫群体近期经历过群体快速扩张事件。Phascolosoma esculenta belongs to Sipunculoidea(order),Phascolosomalifo(class),Phascolosomatidae(family),Phascolosoma(genus).It is an endemic species of Sipunculoidea in China,which distributes in coastal tidal flats of the southeastern provinces.As one of the marine treasures,Phascolosoma esculenta is rich in protein and has a variety of unsaturated fatty acids and other nutrients.People call it"animal ginseng"and it is a characteristic economic aquatic creature of local residents.In recent years,the development and construction process of the southeast coastal areas of China has been accelerating,and environmental pollution,tidal flat reclamation,and overload harvesting have resulted in the sharp decline of germplasm resources of wild populations of P.esculenta in China,while the market price has been rising year by year.Therefore,the related resource protection,seedling breeding and enhancement has drawn enormous attention to the industry.However,there are few studies on the population genetics of this species.So it is necessary to study the genetic diversity of wild population of Phascolosoma esculenta for the rational development and sustainable utilization.In this study,the cytb and d-loop gene sequences of mitochondrial DNA were used as molecular markers to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic structure of a total of 150 samples from five natural populations of P.esculenta in Zhanjiang City,Guangdong Province(ZJ),Yangjiang City,Guangdong Province(YJ),Qinzhou City,Guangxi Province(QZ),Ningde City,Fujian Province(ND),and Wenzhou City,Zhejiang Province(WZ),which can provide corresponding basic information for artificial breeding and nursery of this endemic Phascolosoma species in China,and provide reference data for subsequent studies on the conservation of germplasm resources and sustainable exploitation of P.esculenta.DNA was extracted from the body wall muscle of P.esculenta using a genome extraction test kit,primers were designed based on its published mitochondrial genes and synthesized by a third-p

关 键 词：可口革囊星虫 遗传多样性 CYTB D-LOOP 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学]