佛山相控阵阵列雷达探测2020年9月4日短时强降水天气过程的分析  

Analysis of Short-Time Severe Rainfall on 4 September 2020 Detected by Phased Array Radar in Foshan

作　　者：肖靖宇 杨玲[1,2] 俞小鼎[3] 马舒庆[4] 李彩玲 乔丹 XIAO Jingyu;YANG Ling;YU Xiaoding;MA Shuqing;LI Cailing;QIAO Dan(College of Electronic Engineering,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225;CMA Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sounding,Chengdu 610225;China Meteorological Administration Training Centre,Beijing 100081;CMA Meteorological Observation Centre,Beijing 100081;Foshan Tornado Research Center/Foshan Meteorological Office of Guangdong Province,Foshan 528315;Rayshon Technology Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100089)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学电子工程学院,成都610225 [2]中国气象局大气探测重点开放实验室,成都610225 [3]中国气象局培训中心,北京100081 [4]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081 [5]广东省佛山市气象局/佛山市龙卷风研究中心,佛山528315 [6]雷象科技(北京)有限公司,北京100089

出　　处：《气象》2022年第7期826-839,共14页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：湖湘高层次人才聚集工程-创新人才项目(2019RS1073)资助。

摘　　要：为了研究高时空分辨率的相控阵阵列雷达可否精细探测强降水的演变,利用质量控制后的佛山X波段相控阵阵列天气雷达资料,分析了2020年9月4日广州省佛山市南海区发生的一次局地短时强降水天气过程。分析了16:00—17:30南海区出现的多单体风暴的强度场和三维风场结构,并探究强度场、三维风场与降水量之间的关系。结果表明:阵列天气雷达能够对强对流天气过程进行更精细的探测。合并阶段,观测到小尺度、短时间内多个对流单体的初生、分裂和合并过程。成熟阶段,分析γ中尺度气旋的形成过程以及气旋式辐合维持时强度场、三维风场、散度场和涡度场的结构。消亡阶段,分析γ中尺度反气旋的形成与增强过程。气旋与反气旋消失后,单体迅速消亡。基于高时空分辨率的强度场和三维风场获得的各统计量,发现在自动气象站降水出现前10~15 min以及最大5分钟降水出现前5~10 min,反射率因子与水平风速有明显变化。本研究结果对监测预警短时强降水有预示作用,为高时空分辨率的相控阵阵列雷达精细探测强降水的演变提供了参考依据。To study whether the phased array radar with high temporal and spatial resolution can accurately detect the evolution of heavy precipitation,the quality control of Foshan X-band phased array weather radar(PAWR)data is used to analyze a local short-time severe rainfall that occurred in Nanhai District of Foshan City,Guangdong Province on 4 September 2020.The intensity field and three-dimensional wind field structure of multi-cell storms in Nanhai District from 16:00 BT to 17:30 BT are analyzed,and the relationship between the intensity field,three-dimensional wind field and the precipitation is explored.The results show that PAWR can provide more precise observations of severe convective weather.In the merging stage,the initiation,splitting and merging processes of multiple convective cells on small scale and within short period of time are observed.In terms of the mature stage,the formation process of meso-γscale cyclone,the structural characteristics of the intensity field,three-dimensional wind field,divergence field and vorticity field during the cyclone convergence period are discussed.In the extinction stage,the structural characteristics of the formation and enhancement process of meso-γscale anticyclones are analyzed.After the disappearance of cyclone and anticyclone,the convective cells rapidly die out.In addition,based on the statistics obtained from the intensity field and three-dimensional wind field with high spatial and temporal resolution,it is found that the reflectivity factor and horizontal wind speed change significantly in 10-15 min before precipitation and in 5-10 min before the 5 min heaviest precipitation observed by automatic weather stations.The results of this study would have a predictive effect on the monitoring and early warning of short-time severe precipitation,and provide some references for the phased array radar with high temporal and spatial resolution to finely detect the evolution of severe precipitation.

关 键 词：短时强降水 X波段相控阵阵列天气雷达 强度场 三维风场 统计量 

分 类 号：P458[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P412