库车市山区和平原代表站降水、气温特征对比及气象灾害防御措施  

Comparison of Precipitation and Temperature Characteristics and Meteorological Disaster Prevention Measures between Mountain and Plain Representative Stations in Kuqa City

作　　者：彭江良 卢英 吴芳 努尔比艳·吾买尔 PENG Jiangliang(Xinjiang Kuqa Meteorological Bureau,Kuqa,Xinjiang 843200)

机构地区：[1]新疆库车市气象局,新疆库车843200 [2]新疆阿克苏市气象局,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《农业灾害研究》2022年第5期18-20,共3页Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology

基　　金：阿克苏地区气象局2022年科研课题(AKS202201);阿克苏地区气象局2017年科研课题(201703)。

摘　　要：库车市地形地貌复杂,山区和平原气候差异较大,利用大峡谷和东风煤矿站近5年降水、气温资料与库车平原代表站进行对比分析,结果表明:(1)4—10月库车本站、大峡谷、东风煤矿降水量分别为91.9、183.2、237.2 mm,降水量主要集中在5—8月,占全年降水量近70%~80%;(2)库车本站、大峡谷、东风煤矿月最大降水均在8月,平均降水量分别为26.7、44.7、77.0 mm;(3)东风煤矿和库车本站气温均以7月最高、1月最低,山区冬季昼夜温差大,春季至秋季昼夜温差比平原小;(4)降水、气温异常造成的暴雨洪涝、干旱、高温、寒潮、低温冷害每年给农业和水利等带来较大的经济损失,需要加强采取气象灾害监测预警等防御措施,加强田间管理和重视农业保险转移灾害风险,降低灾害损失。The terrain and geomorphology of Kuqa city were complex,and the climate difference between mountainous area and plain area was great.The precipitation and temperature data of The Grand Canyon and Dongfeng Coal Mine station in recent 5 years were compared and analyzed with the representative station of Kuqa Plain.The results show that:(1)From April to October,the precipitation of Kuqa Station,Grand Canyon and Dongfeng Coal Mine was 91.9,183.2 and 237.2 mm respectively.The precipitation mainly occurs from May to August,accounting for nearly 70%to 80%of the annual precipitation.(2)The monthly maximum precipitation of Kuqa Station,Grand Canyon and Dongfeng Coal Mine all occurred in August,with average precipitation of 26.7,44.7 and 77.0 mm,respectively;(3)In Both Dongfeng Coal Mine and Kuqa Station,the temperature was the highest in July and the lowest in January.The temperature difference between day and night was large in winter in mountain area,and smaller from spring to autumn than in plain area.(4)Heavy rain,flood,drought,high temperature,cold wave and low temperature damage caused by abnormal precipitation and temperature bring great economic losses to agriculture and water conservancy every year.It was necessary to strengthen meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning and other defense measures,strengthen field management and attach importance to agricultural insurance to transfer disaster risked and reduced disaster losses.

关 键 词：气候差异 降水和气温差异 温差 

分 类 号：P468.02[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]