青海省南部牧区二次雪灾成因对比分析  

Comparative Analysis on the Causes of the Second Snow Disaster in the Southern Pastoral Area of Qinghai Province

作　　者：史津梅[1] 朱玉军[1] 保广裕 扎西尼玛 何永清 解文璇 SHI Jinmei(Qinghai Meteorological Observatory,Xining,Qinghai 810001)

机构地区：[1]青海省气象台,青海西宁810001 [2]青海省气象服务中心,青海西宁810001 [3]玉树州气象局,青海玉树815000

出　　处：《农业灾害研究》2022年第5期45-48,共4页Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology

基　　金：中国气象局决策气象服务专题研究项目(JCZX2022009)。

摘　　要：2018—2019年冬季,青海省南部牧区出现的雪灾灾情是1997年以来最严重的,但根据青海省气象灾害分级标准,2019—2020年达到雪灾标准总体来说严重于2018—2019年,因此从不同角度,深入对比分析了这两年冬季发生的雪灾成因。结果发现,单从降雪角度分析是否造成雪灾是较难确定的,但从气温上对比表现却很明显,只要某年的日最高气温低于0℃的气温出现的日期早,产生降雪天气后,积雪难以融化,当地易出现雪灾。另外,研判雪灾是否发生,还要从气象预报预警的准确率、气象保障服务的提前量、防灾减灾救灾意识、救灾物资到位的情况等角度分析,这是雪灾致损大幅减少的主要因素。In the winter of 2018-2019,the snow disaster in the southern pastoral area of Qinghai Province was the most serious since 1997.However,according to the meteorological disaster classification standard of Qinghai Province,the snow disaster standard reached in 2019-2020 was generally more serious than that in 2018-2019.Therefore,this paper made an in-depth comparative analysis of the causes of the snow disaster in the winter of these two years from different angles.The analysis showed that it was difficult to determine whether the snow disaster was caused from the perspective of snowfall alone,but the comparison performance from the temperature was very obvious.As long as the daily maximum temperature of a certain year was lower than zero,the temperature appeared early,and the snow was difficult to melt after the snowfall weather,the local snow disaster was easy to occur;In addition,it was found that the study and judgment of whether the snow disaster occured should also be analyzed from the perspectives of the accuracy of meteorological forecast and early warning,the advance of meteorological support services,the improvement of disaster prevention,mitigation and relief awareness,and the availability of relief materials,which were the main factors for the significant reduction of damage caused by snow disaster.

关 键 词：青南牧区 二次雪灾 成因 对比分析 

分 类 号：S811.1[农业科学—畜牧学]