精细化尺度下的城市绿地建设公众参与途径——以柏林、伦敦“植树计划”为例  

Approaches to Public Participation in Urban Green Space Construction under the Refined Scale-A Case Study of"Tree Planting Plan"in Berlin and London

作　　者：杨鑫 黄智鹏 马健 李莎 傅凡 YANG Xin;HUANG Zhipeng;MA Jian;LI Sha;FU Fan

机构地区：[1]北方工业大学建筑与艺术学院,北京100144 [2]中交公路规划设计院有限公司,北京100007 [3]中国矿业大学建筑与设计学院,徐州221116 [4]北京建筑大学建筑与城市规划学院,北京100044

出　　处：《中国园林》2022年第7期109-114,共6页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金面上项目(编号8202017);2018年北京市属高校高水平教师队伍建设支持计划青年拔尖项目(编号PXM2018_014212_000043);中国矿业大学人才基金项目(编号102519082);国家自然科学基金项目(编号31570699)共同资助。

摘　　要：绿地空间具有减缓城市热岛效应、调节微气候、减轻噪声、改善城市居民身心健康、增加生物多样性等诸多优点。城市绿地建设是城市可持续发展的基础,不能仅依靠“自上而下”的上层规划来进行,同时应关注社会公平性、经济效益、市民意愿等因素,从精细化尺度贯彻公众参与制度,真正实现市民共建的“人民城市”。对公众参与政策的起源与发展情况进行简要介绍,并探讨在城市绿地建设中不同阶段的公众参与方式。以柏林、伦敦的“植树计划”政策为例,从资金来源、公众参与方式、参与形式、参与层次、计划成效几方面,比较分析2个城市植树计划的公众参与模式与深度及优点与不足,以对中国绿地建设提供借鉴。最后,针对我国公众参与绿地建设存在的问题,提出精细化构建制度法规保障体系、精细化资金来源途径,以及搭建精细化参与渠道三方面的启示与建议。Urban green space has many advantages,such as mitigating urban heat island effect,regulating microclimate,reducing noise,and benefiting physical and mental health of urban residents,and increasing biodiversity.The construction of urban green space which is the foundation of urban sustainability development should not only rely on the"top-down"upper planning,but also pay attention to social equity,economic benefits,and citizens’wishes,and implement public participation system from a refined scale to truly realize"people’s city"built by citizens.This paper introduces the origin and development of public participation policy,and discusses the ways of public participation in different stages of urban green space construction.Taking the"tree planting plan"policies of Berlin and London as an example,this paper compares the public participation mode,depth,advantages and disadvantages of the tree planting plans of the two cities from the aspects of capital source,public participation way,participation form,participation level and plan effectiveness,so as to provide reference for green space construction in China.Finally,in view of the existing problems in public participation in green space construction,this paper puts forward three aspects of enlightenment and suggestions:the refined construction of institution and regulation guarantee system,the refined source of funds,and the construction of refined participation channels.

关 键 词：风景园林 城市绿地 精细化尺度 公众参与 植树计划 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]