高速公路雾天人工和智能网联车混行交通流仿真  

Simulation of mixed traffic flow with HVs and CAVs on freeways in foggy weather

作　　者：冯凤江 程新平 孙晓宁 FENG Fengjiang;CHENG Xinping;SUN Xiaoning(Hebei Shangyuan Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050000,China;Beijing Zhangjiakou Expressway Co.,Ltd.,Zhangjiakou Hebei 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北上元智能科技股份有限公司,河北石家庄050000 [2]京张高速公路有限公司,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2022年第7期158-164,共7页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(50478088);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(ZD2021028)。

摘　　要：为提高雾天行车安全性,以智慧高速主线为研究对象,分析混行下能见度降低造成安全速度下降、智能网联车(CAVs)驾驶模式降级和换道动机趋于保守的驾驶行为变化情况,建立含纵向跟驰和横向换道规则雾天单向高速公路元胞自动机模型(CAM),通过仿真对模型予以校验,并分析交通流特性和事故概率。结果表明:轻雾、中雾、重雾和浓雾时,车辆降级占比为52.3%、60%、63%和67.3%,2 h换道次数为161、131、104.3和69(×10^(2) veh),自由流最大速度为90、76.8、62.6、46.8 km/h,临界密度为42、40、38、36 veh/km,且随渗透率变小愈加明显;事故概率随渗透率变大而大幅减少,渗透率达到50%以上时,事故概率较人工车辆(HVs)下降不低于52.9%。In order to improve driving safety in foggy weather,with a section of smart freeway as a research object,changes in driving behaviors under mixed traffic flow were analyzed,including decrease of safe speed,degradation of CAVs driving mode,and conservative lane-changing due to decrease in visibility.Then,a CAM of one-way freeway was established,where rules of longitudinal car-following and lateral lane-changing were designed.Finally,the model was validated through simulation,and traffic flow characteristics and accident probabilities were analyzed.The results indicate that under light fog,medium fog,heavy fog and dense fog conditions,the degradation ratios of CAVs are 52.3%,60%,63%,and 67.3%,lane-changing times during two hours are 161,131,104.3 and 69(×102 veh),maximum free flow velocity is 90,76.8,62.6 and 46.8 km/h,and critical density is 42,40,38 and 36 veh/km,respectively,and they become more and more obvious with the decrease of permeability.Moreover,accident probability decreases greatly with increase of permeability,and it reduces by at least 52.9%when penetration reaches 50%compared to HVs environment.

关 键 词：高速公路 雾天 智能网联车(CAVs) 人工车辆(HVs) 元胞自动机模型(CAM) 混合交通流 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学] U491.[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]