桂林典型岩溶区和非岩溶区土壤剖面钙镁形态迁移对比  

Comparison of soil calcium and magnesium fractions transport in classic karst and non-karst region,Guilin

作　　者：梁建宏[1] 崔旭东 文来艳 刘鼎 伊晨旭 黄可尊 王俊[5] LIANG Jianhong;CUI Xudong;WEN Laiyan;LIU Ding;YI Chenxu;HUANG Kezun;WANG Jun(Institute of Karst Geology,CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics,MNR&GZAR,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;Shangdong Construction and Survey Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinan,Shandong 250031,China;Luoding General Cai Tingkai Memorial Middle School,Luoding,Guangdong 527200,China;College of Environment and Resources,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin,Guangxi 541006,China;Maize Research Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University/Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinzhou,Shanxi 034000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]山东建勘集团有限公司,山东济南250031 [3]广东省云浮市罗定市廷锴纪念中学,广东罗定527200 [4]广西师范大学环境与资源学院,广西桂林541006 [5]山西农业大学(山西省农业科学院)玉米研究所,山西忻州034000

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2022年第2期220-227,共8页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFAA238034);中国地质调查项目(DD20221758);中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所基本科研业务项目(2017008)。

摘　　要：文章以桂林典型岩溶区和非岩溶区土壤剖面为研究对象,采用改进的Tessier元素形态连续提取法,测定岩溶区和非岩溶区土壤钙(Ca)和镁(Mg)元素离子交换态(包括水溶态)、碳酸盐结合态、腐殖酸结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态、强有机质结合态(包括部分硫化物)和残渣态等形态,探讨岩溶区和非岩溶区土壤Ca、Mg形态在土壤剖面中的迁移变化特征。结果表明:(1)岩溶区石灰土剖面中,随剖面深度加深,pH值增大,而土壤有机质、全氮(N)、全磷(P)含量减少,Ca元素主要以交换态存在且在各土壤剖面中含量相近,Mg元素主要是以残渣态赋存在土壤剖面中,随着土壤剖面深度腐殖酸结合态百分比减少,存在累积现象;(2)在非岩溶地区酸性土壤中,土壤总钙较低。在土壤剖面0~60 cm以强有机结合态为主,深层剖面(大于60 cm)以残渣态为主;Mg元素有效态含量较低,非岩溶区土壤Mg元素以腐殖酸结合态和残渣态为主,与岩溶区土壤类似,非岩溶区Mg元素在土壤中也存在一定累积。The exposed karst area in the world is about 17.9 million km2,mainly distributed in China,Vietnam,France,Slovenia,the United States and other countries.Covering a total area of 780,000 km2,the karst are in south China is most widely distributed in the world,mainly in the most area of 8 provinces/cities such as Yunnan,Guizhou,Guangxi,Hunan,Hubei,Chongqing,Sichuan and Guangdong.The southern karst area represented by Guilin is a typical karst area in China,where soil is formed by the physical,chemical and biological effects of carbonate rocks in the geological background.Due to the richness of calcium(Ca)and magnesium(Mg)in carbonate rocks,alkaline soil rich in Ca and Mg is distributed in karst areas.But non-karst areas are primarily clastic rock,where soil mainly exists acidic.Besides,Ca in soil is an essential mineral nutrient for plant growth and metabolism.Soil Ca and its morphological changes affect the physicochemical properties of soil,and also affect the uptake of calcium and other nutrients by plants.Magnesium is also an essential mineral element for plant growth,ranking the fourth after nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.Therefore,plants need to take in Mg,depending on the content and supply mechanism of Mg in soil.With a modified Tessier sequential extraction procedure,soil profiles from typical karst and non-karst areas in Guilin are analyzed to determine different fractions of Ca and Mg,the ion-exchange fraction(including water-soluble state),carbonate-bound fraction,humic acid-bound fraction,Fe-Mn oxides bound fraction,strong organic matter-bound fraction(including some sulfides)and residual fraction.The migration characteristics of Ca and Mg elements in soil from these two types of areas are explored.The vegetation type of sampling sites is mainly forest.During the sampling,a soil profile with 1 m wide,2 m long and 1.5 m deep was dug.The profile is stratified from the surface to 140 cm,and divided into 7 horizons at intervals of 20 cm.Then soil samples are collected from the bottom layer by layer.A tot

关 键 词：石灰土 酸性土 Tessier 形态连续提取法 淋溶 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]