河南规模化兔场球虫感染情况调查及药物治疗试验  

Investigation and Drug Treatment of Coccidiosis Infection in Large-scale Rabbit Farms in Henan

作　　者：张智凯 刘玉梅[1] 王佳佳[1] 朱雪敏[1] 位兰[1] 王伟杰 张自强[1] ZHANG Zhikai;LIU Yumei;WANG Jiajia;ZHU Xuemin;WEI Lan;WANG Weijie;ZHANG Ziqiang(Collage of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Universily of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000;Xinhua Lirestock Husbandry Company Limited,Luohe 462400)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学动物科技学院,洛阳471000 [2]江苏省鑫华牧业科技有限公司,漯河462400

出　　处：《中国养兔》2022年第3期22-26,30,共6页Chinese Journal of Rabbit Farming

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项(192102110077,202102110093)。

摘　　要：为了解河南省不同地区规模化兔场的球虫发病情况及不同药物对球虫的治疗效果,对河南省13个地级市的24个规模化兔场的疑似病兔进行了粪样采集,利用饱和食盐水浮集法对样品进行检测并进行卵囊计数,使用磺胺氯吡嗪钠和妥曲珠利对球虫感染严重的肉兔进行治疗观察。结果表明:24个兔场中,有23个兔场检测出球虫,样品感染率为90%,发病率为44.3%。其中豫东地区发病率为25.0%,每克粪便囊数(OPG)值平均达1.15×10^(4)个;豫南地区发病率为27.3%,OPG值平均达2.45×10^(4)个;豫西地区发病率为28.6%,OPG值平均达0.47×10^(4)个;豫中地区发病率为55.6%,OPG值平均达2.27×10^(4)个;豫北地区感染强度最大,发病率高达61.1%,OPG值平均达1.45×10^(6)个。治疗结果显示,磺胺氯吡嗪钠组在治疗进行至第3天时OPG值已经下降到0.08×10^(4)个,在4~7 d的治疗中OPG值不再发生显著变化,但直至治疗结束仍可在粪便中检测到球虫。妥曲珠利组在治疗进行至第4天时粪便中未检测出球虫。调查结果显示,河南地区规模化兔场病兔中患球虫病的病兔多,发病情况严重,且多为混合感染,不同地区的感染情况存在差异。本次共检出9种艾美耳球虫,优势虫种为肠艾美耳球虫,斯氏艾美耳球虫和大型艾美耳球虫,占比分别为25.7%、21.3%、18.9%。在治疗时可以优先考虑使用妥曲珠利。This study aims to investigate the incidence of coccidiosis in large-scale rabbit farms in different regions of Henan Province and the therapeutic effects of different drugs on coccidiosis,We collected fecal samples of suspected sick rabbits from 24 large-scale rabbit farms in 13 prefecture-level cities in Henan Province Saturated saline flotation method was used to detect the samples and count the oocysts,and use sulfaclopyrazine sodium and toltrazuril to treat and observe the meat rabbits with severe coccidia infection.Of the 24 rabbit farms,23 rabbit farms were detected with coccidia,and the infection rate was 90%.The sample incidence rate was 44.3%,of which 25%in eastern Henan,the average value OPG is 1.15×10^(4).27.3%in southern Henan,the average value OPG is 2.45×10^(4).28.6%in western Henan,the average value OPG is 0.47×10^(4).And55.6%in central Henan,the average value OPG is 2.27×10^(4).The infection intensity in northern Henan was the highest,with an incidence rate of 61.1%,the average value OPG is 1.45×10^(6).The treatment results showed that the OPG value of the sulfaclopyrazine sodium group had dropped to 0.08×10^(4)by the third day of treatment,and the OPG value no longer changed significantly during the 4—7 d of treatment.However,coccidia can still be detected in feces until the end of treatment.No coccidia were detected in the feces of the toltrazuril group on the4th day of treatment.The survey results showed that in the large-scale rabbit farms in Henan,there were more coccidiosis sick rabbits,the disease was serious,and most of them were mixed infections,the infection situation in different regions was different.A total of 9 species of Eimeria were detected in this study,and the dominant species were E.intestinalis,E.stiedae and E.magna,accounting for 25.7%,21.3%and 18.9%,respectively toltrazuril can be given priority in treatment.

关 键 词：兔 球虫 感染率 磺胺氯吡嗪钠 妥曲珠利 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]