堤防险情演化机制与隐患快速探测及应急抢险技术装备  

Evolution mechanism of dike risks,quick detection of hidden dangers,and technical equipments of emergency rescues

作　　者：邬爱清[1] 吴庆华[1] WU Ai-qing;WU Qing-hua(Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]长江科学院水利部岩土力学与工程重点实验室,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《岩土工程学报》2022年第7期1310-1328,F0003,共20页Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1502600)。

摘　　要：中国洪涝灾害问题突出,防洪减灾关系人民生命财产安全和社会稳定。堤防工程是中国防洪体系的重要基础,具有线路长、隐患多、险情频发等特点。目前,对堤防抢险仍然以人海战术为主,抢险效率低,其主要原因是对堤防险情演化机理认识不够系统,缺乏高精度的堤防隐患探测抢险技术与装备,抢险技术装备化程度不高,难以应用抢险实际。“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目“堤防险情演化机制与隐患快速探测及应急抢险技术装备”以长江、黄河、松花江等流域典型堤防工程为依托,以提高堤防工程防御能力为目标,以提高堤防隐患探测精度和应急抢险效率为关键突破点,在堤防工程安全分类、典型堤防险情演化机理、堤防工程安全运行风险评价理论、智能化监测与信息化预警、堤防隐患快速探测和应急抢险技术装备等方面取得一系列创新成果,社会和经济效益显著,应用前景广阔,为中国堤防防灾能力提升提供系统技术支撑,具有重要意义。The flood disasters are severe and frequent in China,and affect the safety of people's lives and property and social stability.The dike engineering is an important foundation of China's flood control system,which is characterized by long lines,many hidden dangers and frequent dangerous situations.At present,the dike rescue is still dominated by the huge-crowd strategy,and the rescue efficiency is low due to the fact that the evolution mechanism of the dike risks isn’t yet understood systematically,the high-precision detection and rescue technology of hidden dangers in the dike and the equipments are insufficient,and the degree of technical equmipments for emergency rescues isn’t high.Therefore,the National Key R&D Program of China“Evolution mechanism of dike risks,quick detection of hidden dangers,and technical equipments of emergency rescues”was carried out in the Yangtze River basin,the Yellow River basin,and the Songhua River basin etc.,in order to improve the detection precision for hidden dangers in the dike and the efficiency of emergency rescues,aiming to promote the defense capability of the dike engineering.Many innovative results have been achieved in the fields of safety classification of dike engineering,evolution mechanism of dangers of typical dikes,risk assessment of safe operation of dike engineering,intelligent monitoring and early warning,quike detection of hidden dangers and technical equipments of emergency rescus,and so on,with remarkable social and economic benefits,broad application prospects and great significance.

关 键 词：堤防工程 险情 隐患 抢险 装备 

分 类 号：TV64[水利工程—水利水电工程] S26[农业科学—农业水土工程]