“三高”气井井控配套新装置  

New support devices of well control for"three-high"gas wells

作　　者：曹阳[1] 方晓庆 张俊蓝 欧仕军 唐笛潇 唐建平[1] 张霞玉[1] CAO Yang;FANG Xiaoqing;ZHANG Junlan;OU Shijun;TANG Dixiao;TANG Jianping;ZHANG Xiayu(Oilfield Engineering Service Branch,Sinopec Southwest Petroleum Engineering Co.Ltd.,Mianyang,Sichuan 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化西南石油工程有限公司油田工程服务分公司

出　　处：《天然气工业》2022年第7期95-100,共6页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：中国石化安全隐患治理项目“三高气田用井控装置能力不足隐患治理”(集团工单安[2020]7号)。

摘　　要：井控装置是防止井喷,节流压井、处理事故的核心设备和最后一道屏障,其可靠性、操控性、稳定性决定了井控工作的成败。井控装置要求其具有强剪切力、稳定的密封性能和高抗冲蚀能力,但“三高”(高含硫、高压力、高产量)气井钻井所用钻杆尺寸、钢级、壁厚等已超出防喷器标准要求,导致井控装置存在防喷器剪切能力不足,全封—剪切一体闸板剪切后无法形成有效密封,节流管汇抗冲蚀能力弱等新问题。为此,在车间和现场实验、数值模拟的基础上对井控配套装置进行了系统改进。研究结果表明:①通过加装增力液缸,在套压70 MPa下,能剪断Ø149.2 mm×12.7 mm S110钻杆;②全封—剪切一体化闸板上下密封改为前端密封,并采用斜面技术,既能对落鱼修整又能确保密封可靠性,剪切后能封住105 MPa压力;③基于现场模拟冲蚀实验数据,管汇J_(1)号阀、J_(4)号阀优选圆柱形阀,对后端短节进行形状和抗冲蚀角度优化,提升了抗冲蚀能力,操控性更强。结论认为:①该配套,装置已在CS1井等30余口“三高”气井成功使用,进一步展示了良好的应用前景;②目前井控设备方面的标准较钻井技术、井控工艺的发展存在一定程度的滞后,为适应油气勘探开发向深层进军的需要,应加快标准的更新和研究。Well control device is the core equipment and the last barrier to preventing well blowout,perform throttling and killing and treating accidents,and its reliability,operability and stability is the key to the success of well control.According to requirements,well control device shall have a strong shear force,stable sealing performance and high erosion resistance.In"three-high(high sulfur content,high pressure and high production rate)"gas wells,however,well control device faces several new problems,such as insufficient shear capacity of blowout preventer(BOP),failure to form effective seal after the shear of full seal-shear integrated ram and weak erosion resistance of choke manifold,for the size,steel grade and wall thickness of drill pipes are beyond the standards and requirements of blowout preventer(BOP).In this paper,the support device of well control is systematically improved on the basis of workshop and field experiments and numerical simulation.And the following research results are obtained.First,a Ø149.2 mm×12.7 mm S110 drill pipe can be cut under the casing pressure of 70 MPa by installing a booster hydraulic cylinder.Second,the full seal-shear integrated ram is transformed from the upper-lower seal into the front-end seal and the inclined plane technology is adopted,so that the fish can be trimmed and the seal reliability can be ensured to seal the pressure of 105 MPa after shearing.Third,based on the field simulation experimental data of erosion,acylindrical valve is selected as J_(1)and J_(4)valve of manifold,and the back end nipple is optimized in terms of shape and anti-erosion angle,so as to improve the erosion resistance and operability.In conclusion,this support device has been successfully applied in more than 30"three-high"gas wells(e.g.Well CS1),presenting the promising application prospect.What's more,the standards on well control equipment is currently lagged in a certain degree behind the development of well drilling technology and well control process,so in order to adapt to the needs

关 键 词：“三高”气井 井控装置 防喷器 增力液缸 节流阀 现场模拟 冲蚀实验 新装置 

分 类 号：TE921.5[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]