中国含油气盆地富氦天然气藏氦气富集模式  

Helium enrichment model of helium-rich gas reservoirs in petroliferous basins in China

作　　者：秦胜飞[1] 李济远 王佳美 陶刚 王晓锋 QIN Shengfei;LI Jiyuan;WANG Jiamei;TAO Gang;WANG Xiaofeng(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China;China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083,China;Department of Geology,Northwest University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710069,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院 [2]中国矿业大学(北京) [3]西北大学地质系

出　　处：《天然气工业》2022年第7期125-134,共10页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“稀有气体追踪水溶气成藏及定量化研究方法”(编号:41872162);国家自然科学基金专项项目“中西部叠合盆地氦气富集机理与资源潜力”(编号:42141022)。

摘　　要：氦气由于其化学惰性、分子量小、低沸点、强渗透性、高导热性等特点,广泛用于航空航天、低温超导、医疗以及高科技领域,是一种不可替代的战略性稀缺资源。但关于氦气如何在天然气藏中富集的研究较为薄弱。为此,在探讨富氦气藏划分标准的基础上,系统剖析了典型富氦气藏氦气成因、来源及富集过程,重点突出了主力氦源对富氦气藏的贡献,并提出了中国含油气盆地富氦气藏氦气富集模式。研究结果表明:①针对中国不同含油气盆地建立了壳源富氦和壳幔混合富氦2大类,6种氦气富集模式;②富氦气藏具有供氦多元、富集模式多样的特征;无论哪种氦气富集模式,都离不开主氦源对气藏的贡献;③中西部盆地富氦气藏中的氦气以壳源氦为主,富集模式包括古老地层水沿断层上移释氦、天然气沿古老储集层运移过程中富氦、页岩气富氦模式。④东部盆地富氦气藏中氦气为壳幔混合成因,富集模式包括以烃类气为主的气藏富氦模式、以二氧化碳为主的气藏富氦模式、以氮气为主的气藏富氦模式。结论认为,中国含油气盆地富氦气藏氦气富集模式的建立,可为氦气富集规律和富集主控因素的研究提供参考和借鉴,同时,该认识对氦气有利勘探区带评价具有重要意义。Owing to the characteristics of chemical inertness,low molecular weight,low boiling point,strong permeability and high heat conductivity,helium is extensively used in the fields of aerospace,low-temperature superconductivity,medicine and high tech,and it is a kind of irreplaceable strategic rare resource.So far,however,less research has been conducted on the enrichment of helium in natural gas reservoirs.To solve this problem,this paper discusses the classification standard of helium-rich gas reservoirs.Based on this,the origin,source and enrichment process of helium in typical helium-rich gas reservoirs are studied,highlighting the contribution of main helium sources to helium-rich gas reservoirs.In addition,helium enrichment models of helium-rich gas reservoir in petroliferous basins are established.And the following research results are obtained.First,6 helium enrichment models of two categories(crust-source helium enrichment and crust-mantle mixing helium enrichment)are established for different petroliferous basins in China.Second,helium-rich gas reservoirs are characterized by using the multiple helium supply and diverse helium enrichment model.And no matter what enrichment model it is,the contribution of the main helium source to gas reservoirs is indispensable.Third,the helium in the gas reservoirs of central and western basins is mainly crust-source helium,and its enrichment models include ancient formation water moving upward along the fault to dilute helium,helium enrichment in the process of natural gas migration along ancient reservoirs,and helium enrichment of shale gas.Fourth,the helium in the helium-rich gas reservoirs of eastern basins is of crust-mantle mixing origin and its enrichment models are mainly hydrocarbon gas based,carbon dioxide based and nitrogen based.In conclusion,the establishment of the helium enrichment models of helium-rich gas reservoirs in petroliferous basins provides reference and guidance for studying helium enrichment laws and main controlling factors and is of great sign

关 键 词：含油气盆地 富氦气藏 氦气 氦源 富集模式 有利勘探区 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]