中美典型城市群土地开发模式对比研究  

Comparative study of the land development patterns in typical urban agglomerations of China and the United States

作　　者：申志成 徐新良[1] 娜日嘎拉 王世豪 SHEN Zhicheng;XU Xinliang;Narigala;WANG Shihao(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information Systems,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《资源科学》2022年第5期968-983,共16页Resources Science

基　　金：中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA20010302);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(19JZD023)。

摘　　要：优化城市群土地开发模式对于提高城市群国土空间开发质量具有重要意义。对比中美城市群的土地开发模式,有助于拓宽视野,深化对城市群可持续发展的认识。本文立足比较研究的视角,从城市群建设用地的扩张模式、土地开发强度及其景观生态效应等方面,从多个空间尺度系统地分析了2000—2020年中国和美国的6个典型城市群在土地开发模式上的差异。结果表明:①2000—2020年,中国典型城市群建设用地扩张强度明显高于美国典型城市群,中国典型城市群建设用地扩张类型以边缘型为主,美国的则以填充型为主,但是中国典型城市群填充型扩张用地占比逐渐上升。②从城市尺度的土地开发强度空间分布上看,中国典型城市群呈现多中心聚集成团的空间形态,而美国典型城市群则呈现多中心带状式、网络式的空间形态。③中国典型城市群建设用地扩张主要占用的是耕地,而美国典型城市群建设用地扩张主要占用的是林地和草地。④从建设用地的景观形态上看,2000—2020年,中美典型城市群的最大斑块指数(LPI)和聚集指数(AI)上升趋势均较为明显。本文结果整体上表明,提高土地开发集约度,建设紧凑型城市,仍是未来城市群发展的重要趋势。本文可为中国和其他发展中国家城市群国土空间规划、城市群城市化进程研究提供参考。Optimizing the land development pattern of urban agglomerations is of great significance for the high-quality development of national territory space.Comparing the land development pattern of Chinese and American urban agglomerations is helpful for broadening our views and deepening our understanding of sustainable development of urban agglomerations.Based on the perspective of comparative study,this study analyzed the differences in land development patterns of six typical urban agglomerations in China and the United States from 2000 to 2020,including the expansion pattern of built-up land,the spatial distribution of land development intensity,and the landscape ecological effects of urban expansion.The results show that from 2000 to 2020,the expansion intensity of built-up land in typical urban agglomerations in China is higher than that in the United States.The expansion type of built-up land in typical urban agglomerations in China is dominated by spatial sprawl at the peripheries,while that in the United States is dominated by filling in the empty spaces within urban areas.However,the proportion of filling-in type expansion in typical urban agglomerations in China is gradually increasing.From the perspective of the spatial distribution of land development intensity at the city scale,the typical urban agglomerations in China present a spatial pattern of polycentric distribution in a single cluster,while the typical urban agglomerations in the United States presents a spatial pattern of polycentric distribution in bands and a network.In addition,the expansion of built-up land in typical urban agglomerations in China mainly encroaches on cultivated land,while the expansion of built-up land in typical urban agglomerations in the United States mainly replaces woodland and grassland.From the perspective of landscape morphology of built-up land,the largest patch index(LPI)and aggregation index(AI)of typical urban agglomerations in China and the United States increased obviously from 2000 to 2020.The results of this

关 键 词：典型城市群 土地开发模式 空间结构 用地强度 景观格局 中美对比 

分 类 号：F299.23[经济管理—国民经济] F299.712