基于SSR标记的野生黑木耳种质资源遗传多样性研究  

Genetic Diversity of Wild Auricularia heimuer Germplasm Resources Based on SSR Markers

作　　者：尹莉岚 姚方杰[1,2] 石晨阳 鲁丽鑫[1] 王婷 刘威 YIN Lilan;YAO Fangjie;SHI Chenyang;LU Lixin;WANG Ting;LIU Wei(College of Horticulture,Jilin Agriculture University,Changchun 130118,Jilin,China;Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi,Changchun 130118,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学园艺学院,吉林长春130118 [2]食药用菌教育部工程研究中心,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2022年第4期1-9,共9页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：国家体系产业技术体系黑木耳品种改良岗位专项(CARS-20)。

摘　　要：野生黑木耳(Auricularia heimuer)种质资源丰富,具有许多优异的特性,是重要的遗传育种材料,利用基于黑木耳全基因组序列设计的30对SSR引物(24对为特异性强的引物,分布于已经构建的黑木耳遗传连锁图谱的8个连锁群上,其余6对为多态性好的引物)对收集自国内黑木耳主要分布地区(云南、吉林、黑龙江等8个省)、国外黑木耳主要分布地区(朝鲜、俄罗斯)的72个野生菌株进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:30对SSR引物共检测到211个等位基因位点,每对引物扩增出的位点数为5~12个,多态性位点丰富,比率高达100%;30对SSR引物的平均Shannon’s信息指数、观测杂合度、期望杂合度和多态性信息含量分别为1.532、0.469、0.722和0.717;供试菌株间遗传相似系数为0.056~0.951,有75.16%菌株间相似系数小于0.5;在相似系数为0.718处,可将菌株分为7个类群,其中JAUAH214(吉林省)、JAUAH251(云南省)、JAUAH282(吉林省)、JAUAH301(云南省)和JAUAH386(朝鲜)均独立成群,菌株间差异极大。筛选出条带清晰、多态性信息含量高、能完全区分72个供试菌株,并可用于二维码指纹图谱构建的SSR核心引物9对。研究结果为黑木耳遗传育种及种质资源保护、智能化管理提供参考。Wild Auricularia heimuer germplasm resources are abundant with excellent characteristics and are important genetic breeding materials.Thirty pairs of SSR primers were designed based on the complete genome sequence of A.heimuer.Among them,24 pairs are specific primers distributed on the eight groups of the constructed genetic linkage map of A.heimuer,and the remaining six pairs have good polymorphism.Then the SSR primers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 72 strains of wild A.heimuer collected in major domestic distribution areas(e.g.Yunnan,Jilin and Heilongjiang),North Korea and Russia.The results showed that a total of 211 alleles were detected by the 30 pairs of SSR primers with 5-12 allelic loci per pair.The polymorphic loci were abundant with a high ratio of 100%.The average Shannon’s information index,observed heterozygosity,expected heterozygosity and polymorphism information content of the 30 pairs of SSR primers were 1.532,0.469,0.722 and 0.717,respectively.The genetic similarity coefficients among the tested strains ranged from 0.056 to 0.951 as calculated by NTSYS-pc 2.10 e,75.16%of the strains having a similarity coefficient less than 0.5.At the similarity coefficient of 0.718,the strains were divided into seven groups,among which JAUAH214(Jilin Province),JAUAH251(Yunnan Province),JAUAH282(Jilin Province),JAUAH301(Yunnan Province)and JAUAH386(North Korea)were independent groups with great differences between each other.Because of showing clear bands,high polymorphic information content and the ability to completely distinguish the 72 A.heimuer strains,nine pairs of core SSR primers were selected to be used in the construction of QR code fingerprint mapping.The study provided a reference for genetic breeding,germplasm resource conservation and intelligent management of A.heimuer.

关 键 词：野生黑木耳 种质资源 SSR标记 遗传多样性 核心引物 

分 类 号：S646.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]