DNA技术在入室盗窃案中的应用分析  

Analysis about Application of DNA Technology into Burglary Cases

作　　者：任文彦 陆春 吴微微 郝宏蕾 苏艳佳 傅燕芳 REN Wenyan;LU Chun;WU Weiwei;HAO Honglei;SU Yanjia;FU Yanfang(Institute of Forensic Science,Zhejiang Provincial Public Security Department&Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310009,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省公安物证鉴定中心,浙江省刑事科学技术应用研究重点实验室,杭州310009

出　　处：《刑事技术》2022年第4期433-436,共4页Forensic Science and Technology

摘　　要：目的分析入室盗窃类案件中提取的现场生物检材,为提高DNA技术侦破入室盗窃案件的应用成效提供参考。方法收集近两年在本文所涉行政区内提取并送检的202起入室盗窃案的349份检材,对其检验比中情况进行分析,探讨勘查人员、提取部位及送检时间对有效检出率和案件比中率的影响。结果202起入室盗窃现场提取的349份检材中,70份检出有效分型,有效检出率为20.06%;比中30起案件,案件比中率为14.85%。不同勘查人员的有效检出率和案件比中率具有统计学差异,反映了勘查质量的高低。不同提取部位的有效检出率和案件比中率也存在差异。随着送检时间延长,有效检出率和案件比中率都会下降,提示提取后应尽快送检。结论入室盗窃案中检材有效检出率和案件比中率与勘查人员、提取部位、送检时间等因素有关,日常工作中需合理提取,及时送检。同时在应用DNA技术时应注意避免污染、提取所有涉案人员的物证材料、快速比对、快速反馈、分析透彻到位。Objective To analyze the biological samples collected from the scenes of burglary cases filed in order to improve the application effi cacy of evidential DNA for solving the cases of the kind.Methods 349 samples were collected from 202 burglary cases that happened within the case-involved administration area in recent two years,having their tested results analyzed.The exploratory comparison was carried out about the infl uence of factors(mainly the investigators,the sites of extraction and the time of testing)on the rate of effective detection and/or case matching.Results Among the 349 samples from 202 cases of burglary,70 ones contributed valid genotyping profile,showing the effective detection rate as 20.06%and having 30 cases matched to bring the rate of case matching as 14.85%.Statistical differences were present between the effective detection rate and the case matching one that had been rendered with different investigators,suggestive of the relevancy of investigation quality.So were those from different extracted sites.If the tested time was in waiting or lasted to prolongation,the decline was then observed into the effective detection rate and that of case matching,reminding that the delivery of evidential materials and/or the testing should be done as soon as possible after extraction.Conclusions For the rate of both effective detection and case matching about burglary cases,correlative infl uence does exist with the factors of investigators,the sites of extraction and the testing time.Hence,the samples should be extracted adequately and tested timely.For the application of DNA technology,attentions should be paid to avoid contamination,extract evidential materials from all the victims and people involved,have the results matched and fed back quickly,and analyze throughly and completely.

关 键 词：法医物证学 DNA 入室盗窃 有效检出率 案件比中率 

分 类 号：DF795.2[医药卫生—法医学]