不同年龄感音神经性耳聋患儿人工耳蜗植入术后的临床疗效分析  

Analysis on the clinical effect of cochlear implantation in the treatment of severe and above sensorineural hearing loss before speech

作　　者：邓忠[1] 谭东辉[1] 罗铭华 刘中武[1] 高湘杰 龙志清[1] DENG Zhong;TAN Dong-Hui;LUO Ming-Hua(Department of Otolaryngology Heart and Neck Surgery,Affilliated Hospital of Xiangnan University,Chenzhou,Hu'nan 423000,China)

机构地区：[1]湘南学院附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,湖南郴州423000

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2022年第13期2397-2400,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：湖南省教育厅项目(21B0748);湖南省郴州市科技创新能力培育计划项目(lycl2021109);湖南省卫健委重点资助项目(202207012466);湖南省临床创新引导计划项目(2018SK52002)。

摘　　要：目的探讨人工耳蜗植入术在不同年龄感音神经性耳聋患儿的临床疗效,为感音神经性聋患儿干预治疗时机提供参考依据。方法对湘南学院附属医院2010年9月—2017年5月收治的102例语前重度及以上感音神经性耳聋患儿临床资料进行回顾性分析,所有患儿的治疗方式均为人工耳蜗植入术,对患儿的治疗效果进行分析。结果102例患儿的人工耳蜗植入术均一次性顺利完成,手术成功率为100.0%,术后检测患儿行为、语言平均听阈处于30~40 d B范围。结果显示,不同性别和不同年龄患儿的术后听力恢复情况均具有差异。其中不同性别患儿术后听力恢复情况比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.385,P>0.05);而不同年龄患儿术后听力情况比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.287,P<0.05)。且年龄在3岁前的术后言语康复效果明显好于3岁后,临床疗效显著。术后患儿的并发症发生率为8.82%,不同性别和不同年龄间并发症发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论人工耳蜗植入术对于不同年龄的感音神经性耳聋治疗效果具有差异,3岁前进行干预治疗效果明显优于3岁后。且患儿的性别和年龄对手术并发症无相关影响。因此,感音神经性耳聋的早发现、早诊断及早干预与患儿术后听力恢复情况具有密切的联系。术前充分的听力学、影像学检查评估及术中准确的定位开窗有益于减少患儿的术后并发症,提高手术的疗效。Objective To study the clinical efficacy of cochlear implantation in children with sensorineural deafness at different ages, and to provide evidence for the intervention treatment opportunity of children with sensorineural deafness.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 102 patients with preverbal severe sensorineural deafness or above admitted to our hospital from September 2010 to May 2017.All the patients were treated by cochlear implantation, and the therapeutic effect of the patients was analyzed.Results All the 102 patients underwent cochlear implantation successfully at one time, and the success rate of surgery was 100.0 %.The average hearing threshold of postoperative behavior and speech of the patients was within the range of 30-40 dB.The results showed that there were differences in postoperative hearing recovery among children of different genders and ages.Postoperative hearing recovery of children of different genders was compared(χ^(2)=0.385,P>0.05),and the difference was not statistically significant.Postoperative hearing of children of different ages was compared(χ^(2)=8.287,P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.In addition, the postoperative speech rehabilitation effect before the age of 3 was significantly better than that after the age of 3,with significant clinical effect.The incidence of complications in postoperative children was 8.82%,and the incidence of complications was different between different genders and different ages.Statistical comparison was conducted respectively(P>0.05),showing no statistical significance.Conclusion The effect of cochlear implantation on sensorineural deafness is different in different ages, and the effect of intervention before 3 years old is better than that after 3 years old.The gender and age of the children had no influence on surgical complications.Therefore, the early detection, diagnosis and intervention of sensorineural deafness are closely related to the postoperative hearing recovery of children.Adeq

关 键 词：年龄 感音神经性耳聋 人工耳蜗植入术 临床疗效 

分 类 号：R764.43[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]