卧龙国家级自然保护区川金丝猴的群落环境分析  

Analysis on the Community Environment of Sichuan Snub-Nosed Monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana)in Wolong,China

作　　者：刘卓涛 钟义 王晓娟 李谦[1] 周厚熊 施小刚 李兆元[1] LIU Zhuotao;ZHONG Yi;WANG Xiaojuan;LI Qian;ZHOU Houxiong;SHI Xiaogang;LI Zhaoyuan(College of Geography and Ecotourism,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,650224,China;China Wildlife Conservation Association,Beijing,100714,China;Kunming Yijing Ecological Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd,Kunming,650224,China;Sichuan Wolong National Nature Reserve Administration,Wenchuan,623006,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学地理与生态旅游学院,昆明650224 [2]中国野生动物保护协会,北京100714 [3]昆明逸境生态有限公司,昆明650224 [4]卧龙国家级自然保护区管理局,汶川623006

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2022年第3期614-622,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家林业和草原局大熊猫国际合作资金项目(2017115)。

摘　　要：利用2017—2018年卧龙国家级自然保护区红外相机数据进行空间关联性分析,探讨川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)的群落环境。结果发现:监测到的35个物种属于2个空间关联网络,其中,川金丝猴处于海拔较低、由20个物种构成的网络中。结合文献,分析认为:(1)川金丝猴与大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)之间存在互利关系,这可能源于它们的活动对生境形成的改变有利于对方的活动。(2)现有生态学资料尚无法解释川金丝猴与黄喉貂(Martes flavigula)之间的互利关系,以及川金丝猴与林麝(Moschus berezovskii)之间的偏利关系,二者有待进一步观察。(3)川金丝猴与小熊猫(Ailurus fulgens)之间的偏利关系可能是小熊猫活动改变的生境有利于川金丝猴生存。(4)川金丝猴与水鹿(Rusa unicolor)、毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)和豪猪(Hystrix brachyura)间存在对称空间关联,它们存在资源竞争的同时具有适度的生态位分离。(5)川金丝猴不仅从群落中受益,还对群落维持有重要贡献。This paper documents our research on the community environments of Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana)at the Wolong National Nature Reserve(Wolong NNR),China using species spatial data captured by infrared cameras from 2017 to 2018,in order to understand its ecological relationship with other animal species.Results of spatial analyses demonstrated that 35 of the species formed two different spatial networks.Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys lived at low altitude in the former network with other 20 species.In addition,our analyses showed that(1)There was a mutually benefiting relationship between Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys and giant pandas(Ailuropoda melanoleuca),which may be because the activities of each species modify habitats so that it becomes more suitable to each other.(2)The existing ecological data cannot explain the mutually benefiting relationship between Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys and yellow-throated martens(Martes flavigula)and the asymmetric benefiting relationship between Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys and forest musk deers(Moschus berezovskii),so further ecological observation is needed.(3)There was an asymmetric association between Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys and red pandas(Ailurus fulgens),indicating that red pandas may provide suitable habitats for Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys.(4)Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys were associated with species including sambars(Rusa unicolor),tufted deers(Elaphodus cephalophus)and Chinese porcupines(Hystrix brachyura),and moderate niche separation existed between the monkeys and the three species.(5)Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys not only benefited from the community,but also contributed to its maintenance.

关 键 词：川金丝猴 空间关联性 网络分析 卧龙国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]