三次和二次总成本函数的特性以及期望本利解的互换  

The Characteristics of Cubic and Quadratic Total Cost Functions and the Exchange of Expected Cost-Profit Solutions

作　　者：毛克宁 MAO Kening(School of Economics and Management,Guangdong Technology College,Zhaoqing,Guangdong Province,526070 China)

机构地区：[1]广东理工学院经济管理学院,广东肇庆526070

出　　处：《科技资讯》2022年第16期217-222,共6页Science & Technology Information

摘　　要：为能够便捷地检判一个三次或二次总成本函数是否有误,该文第一部分主要给出了三次函数当自变量非负时严格单调增加的充分必要条件,证明了一类特定的三次函数当自变量非负时严格单调增加的充分必要条件,以此为基础得出了三次总成本函数两个应具有的重要特性;得出了二次短期总成本函数的一个必要特性。当企业面临的需求量为随机需变量时,为使其期望利润与期望成本的求解与经济学基本原理相融合,该文第二部分以报童问题为例,严格论证了在不同期望隐性成本定义下期望经济成本最小化进货量关系式和期望利润最大化进货量关系式一般是不同的,两者通常不可互换,以及两者可互换的一个充分条件。In order to easily check whether a cubic or quadratic total cost function is wrong,the first part of this paper mainly gives the necessary and sufficient conditions for the strict monotonic increase of cubic function when the independent variable is non negative,proves the necessary and sufficient conditions for the strict monotonic in‐crease of a specific cubic function when the independent variable is non negative,and obtains two important char‐acteristics of cubic total cost function.A necessary characteristic of quadratic short total cost function is obtained.When the demand for a commercial enterprise's goods is a random demand variable,in order to integrate the solu‐tions of its expected profit and expected cost with the basic principles of economics,the second part of this paper takes the newsboy problem as an example,and strictly demonstrates that under different definitions of expected im‐plicit cost,the relationship between expected economic cost minimization and expected profit maximization is gen‐erally different,and the two are usually not interchangeable.A sufficient condition for their interchangeability is given.

关 键 词：三次总成本函数 二次总成本函数 期望成本 期望利润 进货量 

分 类 号：F016[经济管理—政治经济学] O227[理学—运筹学与控制论]