机构地区:[1]北京市园林绿化科学研究院/园林绿地生态功能评价与调控技术北京市重点实验室,北京100102
出 处:《北京农学院学报》2022年第3期79-87,共9页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture
基 金:北京市科技计划课题(Z181100009818023);北京市科技计划课题(D171100007117001);北京市公园管理中心课题(zx2020020)。
摘 要:【目的】为查明城市森林公园在改善城市生态环境中的作用。【方法】以广阳谷城市森林公园为研究对象,选取公园内3种优势植物群落和公园周边1个空白对照进行实地监测,对人体舒适度、PM_(2.5)质量浓度、空气负离子浓度等康养环境因子进行定量评价。【结果】广阳谷城市森林公园能够明显提高人体舒适度,在夏季最为显著,提高18.2%;森林公园人体舒适度在春季14:00和夏季12:00之后是较为舒适等级,秋季全天是较为舒适和舒适等级,冬季全天为极不舒适;城市森林公园内人体舒适度季节排序为秋季>夏季>春季>冬季。城市森林公园对PM_(2.5)质量浓度有一定的消减作用,消减能力在夏季最大,消减率为9.25%,其次是秋季7.56%,全年平均消减率为7.00%;PM_(2.5)质量浓度季节变化为冬季>春季>秋季>夏季,春季、夏季、秋季平均空气质量等级均为优,冬季为良,日变化呈现早晚高、白天低的特点,在10:00—16:00时间段较低,冬季16:00后容易出现污染天气状况。城市森林公园四季均可以提高空气负离子浓度,在秋季和夏季较高,分别提高25.7%和25.6%,空气负离子浓度季节变化为夏季>秋季>春季>冬季,其中夏季和秋季空气负离子浓度为2级;日变化呈现波动性,在8:00—10:00最高,16:00最低。【结论】广阳谷城市森林公园在不同季节、不同时间段内对于提高人体舒适度、提升空气负离子浓度和消减PM_(2.5)均具有积极作用,其中在夏季、秋季和上午时段最为显著,可为人们提供一个良好的康养环境。【Objectives】This study aims to discover the role of urban forest park in improving urban ecological environment.【Methods】In this study,taking Guangyanggu Urban Forest Park as the research object,three dominant plant communities were selected as experimental plots,and an open space near the park was selected as the control.Based on the field monitoring method,human comfort level,PM_(2.5) concentration and negative air ions concentration were quantitatively evaluated.【Result】Guangyanggu Urban Forest Park can significantly improve human comfort level,especially in summer with a 18.2%increase.The human comfort level in the park was relative comfort at 14:00 in spring and after 12:00 in summer.In autumn,the human comfort level was relative comfort and comfort throughout the day,while in winter,the human comfort level was extreme uncomfort.The seasonal order of human comfort level in the park was autumn>summer>spring>winter.The park had a certain reduction effect on PM_(2.5) concentration and the annual average reduction rate is 7.00%.The greatest reduction effect occurred in summer with 9.25%reduction rate,followed by autumn with 7.56%reduction rate.The seasonal order of PM_(2.5) concentration was winter>spring>autumn>summer.The air quality grades in spring,summer,and autumn were all excellent,and it was good in winter.PM_(2.5) concentration exhibited the diurnal variation of high level in the morning and evening,and low level from 10:00 to 16:00.Pollution weather occurred frequently after 16:00 in winter.The park can significantly increase the negative air ions concentration in all seasons,and the higher increase rates were found in autumn and summer,which were 25.7%and 25.6%,respectively.The seasonal order of negative air ions concentration was summer>autumn>spring>winter,and the negative air ions concentration was in grade 2 in summer and autumn.The diurnal variation of negative air ions concentration showed fluctuation pattern,which arrived at the peak from 8:00 to 10:00 and presented the lowest value
关 键 词:城市森林公园 康养环境 人体舒适度 PM_(2.5) 空气负离子
分 类 号:X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X835
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