急性心肌梗死患者运动恐惧水平及其影响因素的纵向研究  

Longitudinal study on kinesiophobia in patients with acute myocardial infarction:the influencing factors

作　　者：王颖[1] 范佳薇 施小青[1] 王朦 陆静 陆敏霞[2] 刘琳[2] 毛莉芬[1] 秦淑文 Wang Ying;Fan Jiawei;Shi Xiaoqing;Wang Meng;Lu Jing;Lu Mingxia;Liu Lin;Mao Lifen;Qin Shuwen(Department of Nursing,The First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University,Suzhou 215000,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属第一医院护理部,江苏苏州215000 [2]苏州大学附属第一医院心内科,江苏苏州215000

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2022年第14期27-31,共5页Journal of Nursing Science

摘　　要：目的调查急性心肌梗死患者运动恐惧水平变化趋势及影响因素,为针对性干预提供参考。方法采用一般资料问卷、心脏病患者运动恐惧量表、医院抑郁量表、运动自我效能量表、锻炼社会支持量表分别于住院期间(T0)、出院后1个月(T1)、出院后3个月(T2)进行问卷调查。结果共147例完成研究。3个时间段运动恐惧水平得分分别为(44.80±6.14)分、(42.26±6.06)分、(38.99±5.26)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示,年龄、运动自我效能是T0~T2时期急性心肌梗死患者运动恐惧的影响因素(均P<0.05),住院天数在T1、T2时对运动恐惧产生影响(均P<0.05),社会支持仅在T0时对急性心肌梗死患者运动恐惧产生影响(P<0.05),抑郁仅在T1时对运动恐惧产生影响(P<0.05)。结论随着出院时间延长,急性心肌梗死患者运动恐惧水平呈下降趋势。医护人员需关注运动恐惧变化趋势及影响因素,进而制订针对性的干预措施促进患者康复。Objective To investigate the dynamic changes and influencing factors of kinesiophobia in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI),and to provide reference for targeted intervention.Methods A longitudinal survey was conducted during hospitalization(T0),1 month(T1)and 3 months after discharge(T2)by using a socio-demographic questionnaire,the Tampa Scale for kinesiophobia Heart(TSK-SV Heart),the Hospital Depression Scale(HAD-D),the Self-efficiency for Exercise(SEE)and the Exercise Social Support Scale(ESSS).Results A total of 147 patients completed the study.The scores of kinesiophobia were(44.80±6.14)at T0,(42.26±6.06)at T1 and(38.99±5.26)at T2,showing significant difference over time(P<0.05).Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that kinesiophobia in AMI patients measured at T0 and T2 were associated with age and exercise self-efficacy(P<0.05 for all).Length of hospital stay had significant effect on kinesiophobia measured at T1 and T2(P<0.05 for all);social support only had significant effect on kinesiophobia measured at T0(P<0.05),and depression at T1(P<0.05).Conclusion Kinesiophobia levels in AMI patients showed a decreasing trend after discharge.Medical staff should pay attention to the changing pattern and influencing factors of kinesiophobia,and formulate targeted interventions to promote rehabilitation of AMI patients.

关 键 词：急性心肌梗死 运动恐惧 运动自我效能 抑郁 社会支持 影响因素 纵向研究 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]