冲击波作用下变形壁面载荷的提取及其研究  

Research on the extraction of load on deformation interfaces and its characteristic under blast wave

作　　者：王仲琦[1] 缑宇超 梁形形 徐谦 WANG Zhong-qi;GOU Yu-chao;LIANG Xing-xing;XU Qian(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081 China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2022年第3期1298-1305,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(51678050);国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05006-002)。

摘　　要：为使防地雷等特种车辆研发过程中的仿真计算过程更加真实,提出一种壁面载荷的提取方法。该方法通过分割拼接的方式提取出发生大变形界面上的壁面载荷,载荷呈现上升缓慢、下降缓慢且衰减段平滑的特点,将所得载荷解耦加载后所得变形结果与耦合计算所得结果误差约为1%,与放大的冲击波载荷、固壁面载荷加载结果相比,准确性提高了5~10倍;改变结构尺寸等参量,对载荷可能的影响因素进行研究,发现载荷特征与结构壁面厚度、半径、壁面距爆源之间的距离相关,且受爆源与界面之间间隔距离影响最为明显。Under the effect of a blast wave,large plastic deformation usually occurs on the surface of the structure.In the simulation calculation,it is difficult to obtain the impulse loading on the large deformation interface.To improve the accuracy of the simulation calculation results,this paper proposed a method of extracting the impulse loading on the large deformation interface and analyzed the factors which may affect the impulse loading.This method divides the entire coupled mechanics calculation process into many continuous time intervals as short as possible.It is easy to obtain the impulse loading on the interface in a very short time because the plate can be approximately considered as rigid and the deformation can be ignored.Then the impulse loading can be obtained through splicing the air pressure near the interface in chronological order.The deformation results were obtained by loading the approximate impulse loading of the air shock wave.The approximate impulse loading of the solid wall and the wall impulse loading were compared with the coupled calculation deformation results.It is concluded that the method has excellent general applicability and accuracy.The error is much smaller than the other two methods.The study also found that the impulse loading on the large-deformation interface has a bulging characteristic.The characteristic of impulse loading on the interface depends on the size of the structure(e.g.,radius and thickness)and the distance from the explosion source to the surface of the structure.And the distance has a greater impact than the size of the structure.This method can be used to study the impulse loading on the structure and provide a basis for the decoupling calculation method of large-scale simulations.

关 键 词：安全工程 变形界面 壁面载荷 爆炸冲击波 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]