超临界CO_(2)管道泄漏扩散风险分析  

Risk analysis of supercritical CO_(2) release and diffusion

作　　者：朱国承 曹琦 王萌 喻健良[2] 闫兴清[2] 于帅 刘长远 ZHU Guo-cheng;CAO Qi;WANG Meng;YU Jian-liang;YAN Xing-qing;YU Shuai;LIU Chang-yuan(Changqing Engineering Design Co.,Ltd..,Xi'an 710018,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]西安长庆科技工程有限责任公司,西安710018 [2]大连理工大学化工学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2022年第3期1486-1494,共9页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：压力管道是CO_(2)捕集、封存和利用(Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage简称CCUS)技术中CO_(2)运输最经济、最安全的方式之一。然而管道失效、CO_(2)泄漏会导致人畜窒息、冻伤、农作物损害等严重后果。而目前缺乏对大规模CO_(2)管道泄漏特性的研究,如泄漏后浓度、温度分布规律等还是未知,因此研究CO_(2)泄漏扩散特性极为重要。为开展相关研究,利用长258 m、内径为233 mm的工业规模CO_(2)试验管道开展泄漏试验。泄漏口径分别为全口径(233 mm)、100 mm、50 mm和15 mm。在泄漏区域布置温度传感器和浓度传感器,并且在试验前根据不同泄漏口径调整浓度传感器的位置。开展4组超临界CO_(2)泄漏试验,得到了泄漏区域内温度、体积分数随时间的变化规律。根据试验结果拟合得出了泄漏口径与危险距离的关系。以体积分数为5%作为危险值,划定了不同口径泄漏时CO_(2)的危险范围。Pressure pipeline is one of the most economical and safe ways to transport CO_(2) in Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage(CCUS)technology.However,pipeline failure and CO_(2) release will lead to asphyxiation,frostbite,crop damage and other serious consequences.And at present,there was a lack of research on large-scale CO_(2) pipeline leakage characteristics,such as concentration and temperature distribution after leakage was still unknown.Therefore,it was essential to carry out release and diffusion experiments.To obtain relevant research,a 258 m long and inner diameter of 233 mm industrial-scale pipeline experimental apparatus was used to carry out CO_(2) release experiments.The size of the release orifice was all-bore-rupture(233 mm),100 mm,50 mm,and 15 mm,respectively.The thermocouples and concentration sensors were installed at the release area and the position of concentration sensor was adjusted according to different leak diameters before experiment.The evolution of temperature and volume fraction with time in the leakage area was obtained by four group release experiments.Based on experiment results,the relationship between diameters of release orifices and dangerous distance was fitted and taking the 5%of volume fraction as the dangerous value,the dangerous range with different release orifices was defined .

关 键 词：安全工程 超临界CO_(2) 泄漏扩散 CO_(2)体积分数 温度分布 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]