健全市场经济法治是通向共同富裕的基本路径——商业进化规律的法哲学思考  

Perfecting Rule of Law in Market Economy as Basic Path to Common Prosperity: Reflecting upon Business Development in Terms of Philosophy of Law

作　　者：范健[1] FAN Jian

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院,南京210093

出　　处：《南京大学学报（哲学．人文科学．社会科学）》2022年第3期34-44,157,158,共13页Journal of Nanjing University(Philosophy,Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(18VHJ002);国家社会科学基金一般项目(17BFX008)。

摘　　要：共同富裕是一种理念,更是以这一理念为价值导向的制度安排,是涉及财富的创造、占有、分配、供给、消费等为内容的制度体系。自由商品经济下的竞争与创新,是推动财富增长的根本原因,但不必然导致社会共同富裕,相反,伴随科技和金融的发达,必然出现财富垄断,贫富差距扩大,社会矛盾激化和社会动荡,最终抑制社会财富的良性增长。消灭或抑制商品经济自由竞争和产权制度只能导致共同贫穷。从勤劳致富到共同富裕不只是观念的转变,更是从商品经济向市场经济的一种体制转型。市场经济遵循产权保护、营业自由、公平竞争、协调发展、公共利益至上、公权力依法调整等基本原则。社会主义市场经济是符合共同富裕价值导向的制度安排。遵循市场经济的发展规律,通过创建商事基本法、非营利组织法、社会财富支付转移法,推动税收制度深层次改革等,在健全市场经济法治基础之上,完善商业竞争和社会保障体系,是实现共同富裕的基本路径。Common prosperity is,more than a concept,to be an institutional arrangement oriented by the concept,and an institutional system involving such as the creation,possession,distribution,supply and consumption of wealth. Though essential to wealth growth,competition and innovation in free commodity economy does not neccesarily lead to common prosperity of the whole society. Instead,the development of technology and finance is inevitably resulting in an agglomeration of wealth,thus widening the gap between the haves and have-nots,intensifying social conflicts,igniting social unrest and eventually inhibiting the healthy growth of social wealth. And yet,prevailing poverty may be the consequence when the free competition and property rights systems of the commodity economy get eliminated or suppressed. It is not only an ideological change to transit from the belief of creating wealth through hard work to the belief of common prosperity,but also an institutional transformation from commodity economy to market economy. Market economy follows such basic principles as property rights protection,freedom of business,fair competition,coordinated development,primacy of the public interest and legal proportioning of the public power. The socialist market economy is an institutional arrangement in accordance with the value of common prosperity. A basic path to common prosperity will be found in following the law of the development of market economy,and enacting the fundamental commercial law,the law of non-profit organizations and the law of the payment transfer of social wealth,as well as promoting progressive reform of the taxation system,and improving the system of commercial competition and social security based on the improvement of the rule of law for the market economy.

关 键 词：商法 市场经济 共同富裕 

分 类 号：F126[经济管理—世界经济] D922.29[政治法律—经济法学]