颈椎关节突关节倾斜角及其不对称性的临床意义  

The clinical significance of cervical facet inclination and asymmetry

作　　者：张俊麒 王型金 刘浩[1] 戎鑫[1] ZHANG Jun-qi;WANG Xing-jin;LIU Hao;RONG Xin(Department of Orthopedics,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院骨科,成都610041

出　　处：《中国骨与关节杂志》2022年第7期481-485,共5页Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint

摘　　要：关节突关节,又称小关节,由关节软骨、软骨下骨、关节囊、关节翳等结构构成,其关节软骨为上下关节面的相对滑动提供了低摩擦系数的界面,关节囊韧带可对抗椎间运动时产生的张力。双侧关节突关节与前方椎间盘共同组成“三关节复合体”,在维持脊柱稳定性、引导和限制椎间活动以及传递轴向载荷方面发挥着重要作用。关于小关节的各个解剖结构的组织学特点、小关节运动学和生物力学性质,已有学者进行了详尽的描述。Facet joint,forming a “three joint complex” with intervertebral disc,plays an important role in stress conduction and motion control of the spine.The inclination angle of cervical facet joint is related to cervical segment,age,gender,and the function and stability of the cervical spine.The inclination angle which tends to be vertical is conducive to increase the stability of the cervical spine,and the inclination angle which tends to be horizontal may lead to the decline of cervical spine stability.Meanwhile,with the increase of age,the facet joint becomes more and more vertical.For the measurement of cervical facet joint asymmetry,the measurement method of lumbar spine has been introduced into the measurement of cervical spine by many articles,but most facet joint angle measurements are only based on a single plane without considering the complexity of cervical surface.The measurement results may be different at different positions,and the use of three-dimensional reconstruction method can improve the accuracy of measurement at the expense of certain simplicity of operation.The asymmetry of facet joint tilt angle may lead to the change of intervertebral disc stress and promote its degeneration.Some studies have also shown that facet asymmetry is related to facet degeneration.At the same time,the degree of intervertebral disc degeneration may affect the stress of facet joint,and the degeneration of facet joint may also affect the stress of intervertebral disc.We can’t get a simple causal relationship,so the relationship between intervertebral disc degeneration and facet joint degeneration needs to be further discussed.

关 键 词：脊柱疾病 椎关节突关节 椎间盘 椎间盘退行性变 

分 类 号：R681.5[医药卫生—骨科学]