抑制金属锂二次电池锂枝晶生长的研究进展  

Recent progress in suppressing growth of lithium dendrites used in lithium metal secondary battery

作　　者：焦萌[1] 张文佳[2] 许薇[1] JIAO Meng;ZHANG Wenjia;XU Wei(Tianjin Institute of Power Sources,Tianjin 300384,China;Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所,天津300384 [2]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094

出　　处：《电源技术》2022年第7期697-702,共6页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：当前,传统嵌入型锂离子电池已经达到其理论比容量的上限,需要开发新化学体系的电池材料来满足未来高比能量的要求。金属锂的理论比容量高达3860 mAh/g,相对标准氢电极电位低至-3.04 V,这使得金属锂电极成为高比能量二次电池的首选材料。然而,锂金属负极上的枝晶生长及其与电解质界面的不稳定性,导致锂金属负极存在安全隐患、利用率低、使用寿命短等问题,严重阻碍了锂金属电池的实用化。系统地总结了近些年在抑制金属锂二次电池负极枝晶生长方面取得的进展,并对金属锂负极电池的发展提出了展望。At present,conventional intercalation lithium-ion batteries have reached the ceiling of their theoretical capacity,requiring the development of advanced electrode materials with emerging electrochemistry to meet the further high energy density.Metallic lithium itself can serve as the ideal anode for high-energy-density batteries due to its highest theoretical specific capacity(3860 mAh/g)and most negative electrochemical potential(−3.04 V).However,dendrite growth on Li metal electrode along with its unstable interface against electrolytes result in safety risks,low utilization,and a short service life of Li metal anode,which seriously hinder the practical application of lithium metal batteries.The recent progress in suppressing the dendrite growth of Li metal anodes used in lithium metal secondary battery are summarized systematically,and the prospect for the development of Li metal anodes also be proposed.

关 键 词：锂负极 锂枝晶 金属锂电池 枝晶生长 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]