水中总α、总β放射性实验的影响因素及测量方法讨论  

Discussion on influential factors and measuring methods of totalαand totalβradioactivity in water

作　　者：唐桦明 张玮亮 罗海恩 韩帅帅 杨冠东 钟瑜 TANG Huaming;ZHANG Weiliang;LUO Haien;HAN Shuaishuai;YANG Guandong;ZHONG Yu(CAS Testing Technical Services(Guangzhou)Co.Ltd.,Guangzhou 510650)

机构地区：[1]中科检测技术服务(广州)股份有限公司,广州510650

出　　处：《辐射防护》2022年第4期301-306,共6页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：利用低本底α、β测量仪,通过一系列比较实验和数据获得影响水中总α、总β放射性活度的实验因素。按照现行国标中的标准曲线法进行实验并分析关系曲线的拟合结果;采用^(241)Am和^(40)K标准粉末源进行串道干扰实验;最后利用热释光测量仪分析影响样品源计数值的因素。结果表明:“质量厚度净计数率”关系曲线线性拟合结果良好,可应用在实验计算中;在测量放射性活度较高的水样时,α通道对β通道产生的串道干扰需进行修正;样品源制备完毕后,不宜立刻测量,应贮存在干燥低本底的环境中,贮存后应用红外灯干燥足够长的时间并完全冷却后进行测量。Through a series of comparative experiments and relvant data,experimental factors of totalαand totalβradioactivity in water using low-backgroundαandβmeasuring system are discussed in this article.According to the standard curve method in the national standard,the experiments were carried out and the fitting results of curves were analyzed.The intertrack crosstalk experiments were performed using ^(241)Am and ^(40)K standard powder sources.In the end,factors which might influence sample counts were analyzed by thermoluminescence measuring system.The results show that the linear-fitting results of“mass thickness-net counting rate”curves are well to be used in experiments calculation.The intertrack crosstalk from channelαto channelβneeds to be corrected in the measurement of water samples with high radioactivity.Finally,the samples should not be measured immediately after preparation,but should be stored in a dry environment with low background.After storage,the samples should be dried by infrared lamp for a long enough time and should be completely cooled before measurement.

关 键 词：总α放射性 总Β放射性 标准曲线 热释光测量仪 

分 类 号：X837[环境科学与工程—环境工程] O661[理学—分析化学]