辐射和热同时作用对膨润土物理化学性质和微观结构影响的初步研究  

A preliminary study on the simultaneous effect of irradiation and heat on physicochemical properties and microstructure of bentonite

作　　者：胡波[1] 刘伟[1] 杨仲田[1] HU Bo;LIU Wei;YANG Zhongtian(China Institute for Radiation Protection,Taiyuan 030006)

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院,太原030006

出　　处：《辐射防护》2022年第4期345-353,共9页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：为了研究γ辐射和热同时作用对膨润土的影响,以高庙子改性钠基膨润土为研究对象,开展了90℃热作用下、不同剂量率和不同累积剂量的γ辐射老化试验。结果表明:γ辐射和90℃热同时作用引起了膨润土物理化学性质和微观结构的变化。在老化作用后,膨润土的吸水率、pH值、阳离子交换容量、层荷以及蒙脱石001晶面方向的微晶尺寸均减小,比参考样分别降低了(最大减幅)18.4%、7.8%、3.4%、2.9%和15.6%,且表现出剂量率效应;老化作用对膨润土的矿物成分及含量影响较小。在高放废物地质处置的工程屏障设计和安全评价中,应考虑膨润土性质变化的影响因素。In order to study the impact on bentonite under irradiation and heat simultaneous effect,the modified Na-bentonite taken from Gaomiaozi in Inner Mongolia was studied.The samples were heated to 90℃and irradiated with different dose rates and cumulative doses.The results show that:when the cumulative dose was 0.37 MGy or 0.74 MGy,the water absorption,pH value,cation exchange capacity,layer charge and cell size of montmorillonite of aging samples were smaller than those of reference samples,and reduced by maximum of 18.4%,7.8%,3.4%,2.9%and 15.6%,respectively.These effects decreased with the decrease of dose rate,but the aging effect had small on thermal stability and mineral compositions.It is proposed that these influencing factors on bentonite properties should be considered in the design of engineering barriers of geological disposal repository.

关 键 词：改性钠基膨润土 辐射和热耦合作用 剂量率效应 物理化学性质 微观结构 

分 类 号：TL942[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]