水体底泥磷释放及控制研究进展  

Research Progress of Phosphorus Release and Control in Water Sediments

作　　者：郝汉舟 汤民[1] 张文胜 张丽雅 董锟 杨昌鸿 刘佳茹 Hao Hanzhou;Tang Min;Zhang Wensheng;Zhang Liya;Dong Kun;Yang Changhong;Liu Jiaru(Resources and Environment College,Hubei University of Science and Technology,Xianning,Hubei 437100,China;Land and Water Resources Research Center of the Middle Yangtze River,Xianning,Hubei 437100,China;Fourth Geological Team of Hubei Geological Bureau,Xianning,Hubei 437100,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北科技学院资源环境科学与工程学院,湖北咸宁437100 [2]湖北科技学院长江中游水土资源研究中心,湖北咸宁437100 [3]湖北省地质局第四地质大队,湖北咸宁437100

出　　处：《绿色科技》2022年第14期16-22,共7页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(编号:15BGL139);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(编号:202010927010,202110927001);湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究重大项目(编号:20ZD090);咸宁市科技项目(编号:2021NYYF011)。

摘　　要：由于在我国湖泊富营养化现象普遍,已成为生态环境修复的重难点问题。减少水体表层沉积物磷的释放是控制水体富营养化的关键。研究底泥磷释放的基本规律及控制底泥磷释放有重要的理论和实践意义。分析了目前底泥磷形态提取方法、各形态磷特征、影响磷形态的各物理、化学、生物因素的作用规律,以及底泥磷释放对生态环境及水质的影响。梳理了底泥磷的不同治理方法,并得到了以下结论:①底泥磷形态主流提取方法是SMT,但该方法分离出来的磷形态少,不便于后续细致研究。②被沉积物中的氧化物、氢氧化物以及粘土矿物颗粒表面等吸附的弱吸附态磷,在外界条件变化的情况下可以重新释放至上覆水,是水体磷二次释放的重要来源.温度、扰动、混浊度、pH值、溶解氧含量、盐度、水体生物等因子均可影响底泥磷的释放。③底泥磷的修复有物理、化学和生物方法,目前主流是生物方法(微生物+植物)和化学方法(钝化剂等),物理方法虽成熟,但其所耗大,不易广泛使用。最后提出了镧改性膨润土锁磷剂、镧铝改性凹凸棒锁磷剂是较为理想的磷钝化剂,但需要深入开展生态风险的研究。在磷形态中需要开展Zr-oxide DGT有效磷与SMT方法的对比研究。未来需要深入开展沉积物有机磷形态及生态风险研究。The phenomenon of eutrophication of lakes in China is common and has become a major and difficult problem in ecological environment restoration.Reducing the release of phosphorus from surface sediments in water bodies is the key to controlling eutrophication in water bodies.It has important theoretical and practical significance to study the basic law of sediment phosphorus release and to control sediment phosphorus release.This paper analyzes the current extraction methods of sediment phosphorus species,the characteristics of various phosphorus species,the action rules of various physical,chemical and biological factors that affect phosphorus species,and the effect of sediment phosphorus release on the ecological environment and water quality.At the end of the paper,the different treatment methods of phosphorus in sediments were sorted out,and the following conclusions were drawn:①The most common extraction method for phosphorus species in sediments is SMT,but the phosphorus species isolated by this method are few,which is inconvenient for subsequent detailed research.②The weakly adsorbed phosphorus adsorbed by the oxides,hydroxides and surfaces of clay mineral particles in the sediments can be re-released to the overlying water when the external conditions change,which is an important source of the secondary release of phosphorus in water.Factors such as temperature,disturbance,turbidity,pH value,dissolved oxygen content,salinity,and aquatic organisms can all affect the release of sediment phosphorus.③There are physical,chemical and biological methods for the restoration of sediment phosphorus.At present,biological methods(microorganisms+plants)and chemical methods(passivators,etc.)are the mainstream methods.Although physical methods are mature,they consume a lot of money and are not easy to be widely used.The paper finally proposes that lanthanum-modified bentonite phosphorus-locking agent and lanthanum-aluminum-modified attapulgite phosphorus-locking agent are ideal phosphorus passivators,but further re

关 键 词：底泥磷 形态 影响因素 修复技术 

分 类 号：G305[文化科学]