基于生命周期法的养殖海带的碳足迹评估  

Carbon Footprint Assessment of Cultured Kelp Based on Life Cycle Assessment

作　　者：孙威 张继红[1,2] 吴文广 刘毅[1] 仲毅[1] 王新萌 康秦梓 SUN Wei;ZHANG Jihong;WU Wenguang;LIU Yi;ZHONG Yi;WANG Xinmeng;KANG Qinzi(Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2022年第5期16-23,共8页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：科学技术部重点研发计划课题(2020YFA0607603);国家自然科学基金委员会–山东省人民政府联合基金项目(U1906216);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费专项(20603022022012)共同资助。

摘　　要：碳足迹是指商品或服务在生产、运输、使用、处置的整个生命周期内排放的温室气体总量。为探究海带(Saccharina japonica)在整个养殖周期内CO_(2)的源与汇,本研究基于生命周期评价理论构建了筏式养殖海带碳足迹测算方法,对桑沟湾养殖海带的碳足迹进行了测算,分析了碳足迹的主要影响因素和可能的误差来源。结果显示,养殖1 t海带的碳足迹约为–95.93 kgCO_(2)e,其中,碳排放量为74.30 kgCO_(2)e,碳吸收量为170.23 kgCO_(2)e。从海带育苗开始至养成收获的整个过程是碳汇过程,其中,以海带生物质碳的形式固定的CO_(2)占比约为79.9%,以沉积埋藏碳的形式固定的CO_(2)占比约为14.1%,以惰性溶解有机碳(RDOC)的形式固定的CO_(2)占比约为6.0%,沉积埋藏碳和惰性溶解有机碳长期封存于深海或海底;养殖设施是主要碳源,碳排放占比为93.81%,柴油和电能的碳排放占比分别为5.05%和1.14%,肥料和运输的碳排放占比仅有万分之一。China has the largest population and contributes the most to greenhouse gas emissions in the world.Given the background of low-carbon emissions elsewhere,how to carry out emission reduction activities scientifically and rationally is a question that individuals,enterprises,governments,and countries must seriously consider.The carbon footprint refers to the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted by a commodity or service during the entire life cycle of the product,including production,transportation,use,and disposal.The carbon sink effect of cultured macroalgae in coastal waters is receiving considerable attention.However,international research on macroalgal carbon sinks is still poor,especially the carbon footprint of cultured macroalgae,which makes it impossible to include the carbon sinks of macroalgae within the scope of emission reductions such as“blue carbon.”Therefore,by calculating the carbon footprint of macroalgae,the carbon emissions of each stage in the entire life cycle can be determined,and subsequently scientific emission reduction measures can be formulated based on the calculated carbon footprint results of each stage to reduce emissions.Kelp(Saccharina japonica Areschoug)is the main macroalgae cultured in China.It has obvious advantages in aquaculture resources and has a very large potential for the development of carbon sinks.As a primary producer in the sea,organic matter is generated through photosynthesis,and carbon sequestration occurs during the kelp growth phase.However,CO_(2)is released during seedling growth,electricity utilizing of equipments,fuel consumption on boats,and facilities for culture.To explore the sources and sinks of CO_(2)emissions from kelp throughout the entire culture cycle and to establish a standard system for evaluating the carbon footprint of macroalgae production,based on the life cycle assessment theory,a carbon footprint calculation method for raft-cultured kelp was established in this study.The cradle-to-gate carbon footprint of cultured kelp in Sanggou Ba

关 键 词：碳足迹 海带 海水养殖 桑沟湾 生命周期法 

分 类 号：S917.3[农业科学—水产科学]